河北省畜禽粪污全链条氨气和甲烷减排技术模式的生命周期分析  

Life cycle assessment of ammonia and methane emission reduction technology model for manure management in Hebei Province

作　　者：王宏戈 张陆 王选[1] 柏兆海[1] 马林[1,2] WANG Hongge;ZHANG Lu;WANG Xuan;BAI Zhaohai;MA Lin(Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/河北省土壤生态学重点实验室/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室,石家庄050022 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2024年第6期1054-1062,共9页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项项目(2016YFE0103100);河北省重点研发计划项目(20327305D)资助。

摘　　要：目前畜禽养殖粪污流动过程中存在氨气和甲烷排放严重的问题。本文针对传统技术模式(S1:常规清粪技术、氧化塘静置处理、表层施用还田)和全链条氨气和甲烷减排优化处理技术模式(S2:圈舍表面酸化技术、分层供气反应器堆肥处理、深层/注射施用),从全生命周期的角度进行环境代价和经济成本的比较和分析。结果显示:圈舍酸化(圈舍阶段)、多层供气反应器堆肥处理(储存/处理阶段)和注射施用(施用阶段)技术的应用可分别降低相应环节环境代价的17.40%、40.00%和79.30%;整体来看,全链条优化处理技术模式的环境代价比传统模式减少40.40%。传统技术模式处理粪便的直接成本投入为70.00￥·t^(-1),优化处理技术模式的直接成本投入与传统技术模式相比增加了31.00￥·t^(-1)。由于氨气减排可带来一定的社会经济效益,全链条优化处理技术模式处理畜禽粪污可实现51.52￥·t^(-1)的社会经济收益。最终,利用畜禽粪污“圈舍—储存/处理—施用”全链条优化处理技术模式处理畜禽粪便可比传统技术模式节省20.52￥·t^(-1)。如果该模式在河北省所有养殖场推广,以河北省2019年1.40亿t的畜禽粪污产生量计算,可实现年28.70亿元的经济效益。Contemporary management of livestock manure faces the significant environmental challenge of controlling ammonia and methane emissions throughout the handling process.Therefore,there has been concerted efforts towards technological innovation and integration,culminating in the development of a comprehensive approach to ammonia and methane emission reduction.This approach encompasses the whole manure management chain,from the animal housing,through storage/treatment,to the final application to field,henceforth referred to as the“housing-storage/treatment-application”whole chain emission reduction optimized technology model.This study compared and analyzed the environmental and economic cost from a life cycle perspective between the traditional technology model(S1:conventional manure removal,oxidation pond static treatment,and surface application of manure)and the whole chain optimized technology model(S2:surface acidification for open animal building based on conventional manure re-moval,multi-layer gas supply reactor composting,oxidation pond static treatment,and deep/injection application).The results indic-ate that the application of technologies,such as manure surface acidification(housing stage),multi-layer gas supply reactor compost-ing(storage/treament stage),and deep/injection application(application stage)can reduce the environmental cost of the correspond-ing stage by 17.40%,40.00%,and 79.30%,respectively.Overall,the environmental cost of the whole chain optimized technology model(S2)was 40.40%lower than that of the traditional techonology model(S1).The direct investment for the traditional techno-logy model(S1)was 70.00¥·t^(-1),while the whole chain optimized technology model(S2)increases the direct investment by 31.00¥·t^(-1) compared to the traditional techonlogy model(S1),reaching 101.00¥·t^(-1).Owing to the social and economic benefit of am-monia reduction,the whole chain optimized technology model(S2)can achieve social and economic benefit of 51.52¥·t^(-1).In conclu-sion,utilizing the w

关 键 词：全生命周期分析 氨气 甲烷 粪污管理 减排技术 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]