文学经典的创作者视角研究——从《哈姆雷特》中的“葛楚德问题”谈起  

Study on Literary Classics in the Author's Perspective:Starting from the"Problems of Gertrude"in Hamlet

作　　者：牟学苑[1] Mu Xueyuan(School of Literature and Art,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学文学艺术学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《外国文学》2024年第3期13-23,共11页Foreign Literature

摘　　要：王后葛楚德是《哈姆雷特》中的一个配角,但也是个关键人物。关于她的诸多谜题,即“葛楚德问题”,一直存在许多争议。如果只从文本谈文本,这些问题可能永远也不会有明确的答案。但如果回归创作者视角重新考察作品,我们会发现,有的问题是因为莎士比亚在创作时各种材料来源的杂糅造成的,有的是因为迎合或顾忌观众的反应造成的,而有的则属于作家刻意保持的“战略模糊”。从创作者视角考察作品,不仅可以帮助我们更好地理解莎士比亚创作的原意,对于其他文学经典的研究也有启示作用。The term"problems of Gertrude"refers to a number of puzzles about Queen Gertrude in Shakespeare's Hamlet.Relying solely on close reading of the text may never solve these problems.However,by returning to the author's perspective and re-examine the text,readers or audiences may find that some of the"problems of Gertrude"are caused by mixing different source texts in Shakespeare's creation,some are caused by catering to the audience's response,and some are caused by the deliberate"strategic ambiguity."Studying in the author's perspective can not only aid comprehending Shakespeare's original meaning in his creation,but also inspire the research on other literary classics.

关 键 词：莎士比亚 《哈姆雷特》 葛楚德 创作者视角 

分 类 号：I561[文学—其他各国文学]