月球激光反射器指向角度计算及对准精度分析  

Pointing Angle Calculation and Aiming Accuracy Analysis of a Lunar Laser Ranging Retro-Reflector

作　　者：潘武琪 程志恩[1] 张忠萍[1] 廖新浩[1,2] Pan Wuqi;Cheng Zhien;Zhang Zhongping;Liao Xinhao(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [2]上海科技大学物质科学与技术学院,上海201210 [3]中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2024年第7期175-183,共9页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12373085)。

摘　　要：月球激光测距(LLR)是地月间距测量精度最高的技术。其中,月球激光反射器(LRRR)是实现高精度月球激光测距的关键设备。中国计划在月面放置有人部署的新一代月球激光反射器,为使反射器有效工作,需调节反射器的俯仰角、方位角,使其指向对准平均地球。本文设计了一套算法,用于计算月球激光反射器指向对准所需调节的角度,同时分析了部署时间偏差、位置偏差对指向对准的影响。月球激光反射器指向对准偏差估计值约为2.7°,最大不超过5.0°,可以满足反射器对准精度优于5.5°的需求。设计的算法和开展的分析,可以为未来中国月球激光反射器部署任务提供参考。Lunar laser ranging(LLR)has the highest precision in measuring the earthmoon distance.The lunar laser ranging retroreflector(LRRR)is an essential piece of equipment for realizing lunar laser ranging.China has plans to deploy a manually emplaced new generation LRRR.For the LRRR to work effectively,the azimuth and altitude angle of the LRRR must be adjusted such that the LRRR is aligned with the mean Earth direction.We established a method for calculating the adjustment angle of the LRRR and analyzed the misalignment caused by the biases of emplacement time and emplacement site.Results show that the aiming of error of the LRRR can be estimated at approximately 2.7°,and the maximum value is less than 5.0°,which satisfies the requirements for an aiming accuracy of 5.5°.The calculation method and analysis presented in this study can act as guidelines for future China LRRR emplacement missions.

关 键 词：测量 月球激光测距 激光反射器 对准精度 平均地球 

分 类 号：P228.5[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]