秃尾河流域河川径流组分变化及归因分析  

Detecting and Attributing the Changes in Components of Streamflow in Tuweihe River Watershed

作　　者：温艳霞 燕鑫 李志[1] Wen Yanxia;Yan Xin;Li Zhi(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第4期86-94,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42071043);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2452020002)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究秃尾河流域河川径流组分和基流指数(BFI)的变化特征,阐明环境因子对其变化的影响,识别主导因子,为流域水资源管理提供科学依据。[方法]以黄河中游的秃尾河流域为研究区,分析了1958—2017年流域地表径流、基流和基流指数(BFI)的变化,并通过相关性分析、弹性系数等方法定性定量分析了环境因子对它们的影响。[结果]地表径流和基流分别以4.55,9.73 mm/10 a的速度显著下降(p<0.01),BFI呈显著上升趋势(p<0.05)。地表径流(或基流、BFI)对潜在蒸散发、归一化植被指数(NDVI)和土壤含水量的变化高度敏感。NDVI和潜在蒸散发是导致地表径流(-34%,-29%)、基流(-39%,-29%)和BFI(33%,31%)变化的主要原因。[结论]植被恢复的直接及潜在水文效应对于河川径流组分减少发挥着重要作用。河川径流组分变化及其与环境变化之间的关系可为水资源和植被的可持续性提供理论依据。[Objective]This study aims to explore the variation characteristics of streamflow components and baseflow index(BFI)in the Tuweihe River Basin,to clarify the impact of environmental factors on their variations,to identify the dominant factors,and to provide scientific basis for watershed water resources management.[Methods]Tuweihe River Basin in the middle reaches of the Yellow River was taken as the study area.The changes of surface runoff,baseflow and baseflow index(BFI)during the period 1958—2017 were analyzed.The correlation analysis and elasticity coefficient methods were employed to qualitatively and quantitively analyze the influence of environmental factors on them.[Results]The surface runoff and baseflow significantly decreased at a rate of 4.55 and 9.73 mm/decade(p<0.01),respectively,while the BFI showed a significant upward trend(p<0.05).Surface runoff(or baseflow,BFI)was highly sensitive to the changes in potential evapotranspiration,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and volumetric soil water.The changes in NDVI and potential evapotranspiration contributed to the majority of the changes in surface runoff(-34%and-29%),baseflow(-39%and-29%),and BFI(33%and 31%).[Conclusion]The direct and potential hydrological effects of vegetation restoration play an important role in reducing the streamflow components.The changes of streamflow components as well as their relations to environmental changes provide a theoretical basis for the sustainability of water resources and vegetation.

关 键 词：秃尾河流域 基流分割 径流组分变化 弹性系数 归因分析 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] P339[水利工程—水文学及水资源]