低温等离子体活化溶液在抑菌及清除生物被膜中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Cold Plasma Activated Solution in Antibacteria and Removing Biofilm

作　　者：蔡志成 王媛媛 桑晓涵 曾丽仙 邓文韬 王佳媚[1] CAI Zhi-cheng;WANG Yuan-yuan;SANG Xiao-han;ZENG Li-xian;DENG Wen-tao;WANG Jia-mei(School of Food Science and Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学食品科学与工程学院,海口570228

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2024年第6期95-104,共10页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260643)。

摘　　要：细菌通过群体感应(QS)分泌信号分子和细胞外聚合物(EPS),使细菌聚集和黏附到生物和非生物表面,在一定条件下形成抗性强、危害性大的生物被膜。目前,生物被膜在医疗、食品和农业等领域中的危害日益严重。尤其是一些致病菌不仅对人类健康构成威胁,甚至会造成较大的社会经济损失。一些传统消毒、杀菌方法难以将其彻底清除,且存在二次污染风险。生物被膜在不同介质表面的强黏附性是其难以被清除的主要原因之一。因此,采用高活性的溶液进行浸泡、清洗是去除生物被膜的有效策略。低温等离子体活化水中的活性氧(ROS)和活性氮(RNS)能破坏细菌的细胞壁、肽聚糖结构,有效抑制微生物黏附和聚集。低温等离子体活化水作为一种高效消毒抑菌溶液,被广泛应用于生物医学、食品去污和种子萌发领域。但低温等离子体活化水中活性物质易消散,难以长期贮藏,导致其抑菌性能减弱。近年来,通过向低温等离子体活化水中添加不同介质或联合其他技术制备的低温等离子体活化溶液,有效延长了活性物质的衰退,使其逐渐成为消毒、抑菌研究的新方向。本文综述了低温等离子体活化水和低温等离子体活化溶液的杀菌作用机理及其对生物被膜的清除效果,重点介绍了生物被膜的形成过程。旨在为环境、医疗及食品行业的生物被膜清除和控制提供理论参考。Bacteria utilize quorum sensing(QS)to secrete signaling molecules and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS),enabling bacterial aggregation and adhesion to both biotic and abiotic surfaces,ultimately forming resilient and potentially harmful biofilms under certain conditions.Currently,the detrimental impact of biofilms in various fields such as medical,food,and agricultural industries is escalating.Particularly,certain pathogenic bacteria not only pose threats to human health but also incur significant socio-economic costs.Traditional disinfection and sterilization methods often struggle to entirely eradicate biofilms,while also presenting risks of secondary contamination.The strong adhesion of biofilms to different surfaces across various media constitutes a significant challenge in their removal.Therefore,immersion and cleaning with highly active solutions represent effective strategies for biofilm elimination.The reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)activated in water by cold plasma technology disrupted bacterial cell walls and peptidoglycan structures,effectively inhibiting microbial adhesion and aggregation.As a potent antimicrobial solution,cold plasma-activated water has found extensive application in biomedical,food decontamination,and seed germination fields.However,the active agents in cold plasma-activated water are prone to dissipation,challenging long-term storage and leading to diminished antimicrobial efficacy.Recent advancements have seen the development of cold plasma-activated solutions,either by incorporating various media or combining other technologies,which effectively prolong the lifespan of active agents,marking a new direction in disinfection and antimicrobial research.This review delineates the mechanisms of antimicrobial action of cold plasma-activated water and solutions,with a focus on their efficacy in biofilm eradication,highlighting the biofilm formation process.It aims to provide a theoretical reference for biofilm removal and control in environmental and

关 键 词：低温等离子体活化溶液 生物被膜 抑菌作用 去污消毒 群体感应 活性氧 活性氮 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学]