情报职能与软安保:智能化时代国际私营安保公司职能变化及其意义  

Intelligence Function and Soft Security:Change in Functions of International Private Security Companies in AI Time and Its Implications

作　　者：张金平[1] 蒋东龙 Zhang Jinping;Jiang Donglong(Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi'an 710063)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学,西安710063

出　　处：《情报杂志》2024年第7期53-59,72,共8页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“‘一带一路’沿线国家和地区国际恐怖主义问题研究”(编号:23&ZD146)研究成果。

摘　　要：[研究目的]国际私营安保公司参与后冷战时代全球安全事务的现象引起了广泛关注。“一带一路”倡议下,中国安保公司走向海外也成为一项紧迫的任务。国际安保公司在智能化时代承载着情报职能,而且这种职能的地位与作用愈加重要。这种变化凸显了国际安保公司从传统的“硬安保”向“软安保”的转变。分析新现象具有理论和现实意义。[研究方法]采用文献研究、历史研究、案例研究和归纳总结的研究方法分析国际私营安保公司的职能转变,重点结合智能化时代的社会结构和安全环境、需求等阐述国际私营安保公司的情报服务与软安保形成的过程和动力,并探讨其意义。[研究结论]工业革命后的安全环境和安全需求催生了现代私营安保制度;工业革命后期的现代私营安保制度具有“硬安保”的特点;后冷战时代的安全格局(特别是全球反恐战争)为国际私营安保公司的勃兴提供了动力;信息化条件下,国际私营安保公司的情报职能凸显,从而解开了“软安保”模式的序幕;“软安保”不仅意味着智能化时代更加隐蔽、细密的权力管控,也意味着安全治理的核心理念从恢复转向预防;国际私营安保的“软安保”模式显示了一种保持权力扩张的安全形态。[Research purpose]The involvement of international private security companies(PSCs)in global security affairs in the post-cold war era has attracted widespread attention.Under the"Belt and Road"initiative,it has become an urgent task for Chinese security companies to go overseas.International security companies carry the intelligence function in the AI age,and analyzing this phenomenon is of great theoretical and practical significance.[Research method]This paper adopts the research methods of literature research,historical research,case study and induction to analyze the functional transformation of international private security companies,and focuses on the intelligence function,nature and significance of international private security companies in light of the social structure and security environment and demand in the AI era.[Research conclusion]The security environment and security demand after the industrial revolution gave birth to the modern private security system.The modern security system in the late industrial revolution was characterized by"hard security".The security pattern in the post-cold war era(especially the global anti-terrorism war)provided the impetus for the emergence of international private military security companies.In the AI era,the intelligence function of international private security companies has changed.Under the conditions of pervasive application of IT,the intelligence function of international PSCs has come to the fore,thus unlocking the prelude to the"soft security"model."Soft security"not only implies a more covert and detailed control of power in the AI age,but also means that the core concept of security governance has shifted from recovery to prevention.The“soft security”model of international private security shows a form of security that maintains the expansive power.

关 键 词：情报 情报职能 情报服务 软安保 国际私营安保公司 

分 类 号：D51[政治法律—政治学]