拜登政府供应链安全政策、对华影响与对策建议  

Supply Chain Security Policies of the Biden Administration,Impact on China and China's Response

作　　者：曾燕萍 张亚鹏 史亚东 Zeng Yanping;Zhang Yapeng;Shi Yadong(School of Economics and Finance,University of International Relations,Beijing 100091;China Center for Information Industry Development,Beijing 100048)

机构地区：[1]国际关系学院经济金融学院,北京100091 [2]中国电子信息产业发展研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《情报杂志》2024年第7期73-80,共8页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“大国战略竞争对全球产业链影响的理论与量化研究”(编号:23BGJ002);国际关系学院高精尖项目“新发展格局下我国高技术产业链安全评估及韧性提升研究”(编号:2024GA02)研究成果。

摘　　要：[研究目的]梳理研究美国拜登政府供应链安全政策及发展动态,评估其对中国可能造成的影响,为保障中国产业链供应链安全发展提出思路建议。[研究方法]利用文本分析法,梳理美国白宫、国务院等官方网站发布的政策文件、重要声明与讲话、调研报告和权威文献等内容,体系化分析美国供应链安全政策内容及动态,同时聚焦对华影响,多角度剖析美国供应链安全政策对中国经济高质量发展的可能影响。[研究结论]拜登执政后,通过强化供应链安全审查和风险监控,加强对关键产品和产业的国内控制,积极组建“供应链联盟”等系列行动推行美国供应链安全政策,试图在全球供应链重塑中强化美国的主导地位,并力推“去中国化”。美国供应链安全政策呈现全方位压制中国态势,削弱中国在全球供应链中的竞争力,加剧中国外部环境的不确定性,阻碍关键核心技术创新与产业升级,干扰中国供应链产业链安全发展,同时也倒逼中国增强产业链供应链自主可控能力。中国应加快打造自主可控、安全可靠、竞争力强的现代化产业体系,深化国际合作,持续提升产业链供应链韧性。[Research purpose]This paper reviews the supply chain security policies proclaimed by the Biden administration,evaluates its possible impact on China,and proposes suggestions to ensure China's industrial chain and supply chain security.[Research method]By sorting out the latest policy documents,important statements and speeches,research reports published by White House and State Department of U.S.,and authoritative literatures,it uses text analysis to systematically analyze the dynamics of supply chain security policies in the United States.Focusing on the impact on China,it analyzes the possible impact of the U.S.supply chain security policy on the high-quality development of China's economy from multiple perspectives.[Research conclusion]After Biden took office,Biden administration promoted the U.S.supply chain security policy actively through strengthening the supply chain security review and risk monitoring,intensifying the domestic control of key products and industries,and establishing"supply chain alliance",trying to promote"De-Sinicization"in the supply chain reshaping.The U.S.supply chain security policy will suppress China in all aspects,weaken China's competitiveness in the global supply chain,increase the uncertainty of China's external environment,hinder key core technology innovation and industrial upgrading,interfere with the safe development of China's supply chain and industrial chain,as well as force China to strengthen the independent and controllable capacity of the supply chain.China should speed up the building of an independent,controllable,safe,reliable and competitive modern industrial system,deepen international cooperation and upgrade the resilience of industrial chain and supply chain.

关 键 词：拜登政府 供应链 产业链 供应链安全 关键产业 供应链联盟 去中国化 

分 类 号：F741[经济管理—国际贸易]