预防刺参腐皮综合征复方中药的筛选及体内药效评价  

SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF THE IN VIVO PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE HERBAL FORMULAS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SKIN ULCER SYNDROME IN SEA CUCUMBER APOSTICHOPUS JAPONICUS

作　　者：庞明海 王春元 王印庚[2] 李成华[1] 廖梅杰[2] 张正[2] 荣小军[2] 李彬[2] 刘妮 PANG Ming-Hai;WANG Chun-Yuan;WANG Yin-Geng;LI Cheng-Hua;LIAO Mei-Jie;ZHANG Zheng;RONG Xiao-Jun;LI Bin;LIU Ni(School of Marine Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Laoshan Laboratory,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,崂山实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛266071

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第7期1130-1140,共11页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2400704);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2023CXGC010410);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2023TD29)资助。

摘　　要：为开发防治刺参腐皮综合征的复方中药,从14种中药中筛选出对灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)有明显抑制作用的单味中药,并通过正交实验确定最佳抗菌复方FF-Z(诃子﹕五倍子﹕穿心莲﹕川芎=15 g﹕2 g﹕10 g﹕5 g)。在饲料中分别添加10、20、30和40 g/kg的复方FF-Z作为试验组,不含复方FF-Z的饲料为对照组,并以含恩诺沙星粉20 g/kg的饲料为药物对照组,连续投喂刺参10d,继而用终浓度为10^(7) CFU/mL的灿烂弧菌进行浸浴攻毒,以观察预防保护效果。结果显示,灿烂弧菌对复方FF-Z极敏感,抑菌圈直径可达(23.10±0.62)mm,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)值分别为7.81和15.63 mg/mL;与阴性对照组相比,复方FF-Z各剂量组刺参的SOD、ACP和AKP活性显著提高,且优于药物对照组。在灿烂弧菌感染后,复方FF-Z各剂量组处理的刺参发病时间比阳性对照组推迟2d,其中复方FF-Z 20 g/kg组、FF-Z 30 g/kg组和FF-Z 40 g/kg组刺参的20d发病率分别为22.08%、22.14%和14.58%,显著低于阳性对照组的84.45%。组织病理学观察结果表明,添加30 g/kg复方FF-Z的饲料能够有效减轻灿烂弧菌入侵引起的刺参组织炎症反应,从而起到保护作用。研究证明,复方FF-Z能够显著提高刺参的免疫和抗病力,对灿烂弧菌引起的腐皮综合征具有良好的预防保护效果,能延缓该病的发病进程并降低发病率。In order to develop a herbal compound medicine for the prevention and treatment of skin ulcer syndrome(SUS)in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus,we screened single herbs with significant inhibitory effects on Vibrio splendidus from a pool of 14 herbs.The most promising antimicrobial herbal compound,FF-Z(comprising Terminalia chebula,Rhus chinensis,Andrographis paniculata,and Ligusticum chuanxiong in a ratio of 15 g﹕2 g﹕10 g﹕5 g),was optimally selected using an orthogonal experiment.Subsequently,420 healthy sea cucumbers were randomly divided into 7 groups:Negative control group(NC group,normal feed),Positive control group(PC group,normal feed),Enrofloxacin control group(En group,feed containing enrofloxacin powder at 20 g/kg),and four FF-Z treatment groups(with feed containing FF-Z at 10,20,30,and 40 g/kg,respectively).Following ten consecutive days of feeding,V.splendidus dip bath with a final concentration of 10^(7) CFU/mL was administered to all groups except the NC group.The results showed that V.splendidus exhibited high sensitivity to the herbal compound FF-Z,with an inhibition circle diameter reaching(23.10±0.62)mm and MIC and MBC values of 7.81 and 15.63 mg/mL,respectively.Sea cucumbers in all FF-Z dosage groups significantly increased(P<0.01)activities of SOD,ACP,and AKP,surpassing those of the En group.Following V.splendidus infection,the onset of SUS in the FF-Z dosage groups occurred 2d later than that in the NC group.Moreover,the final incidence rates of SUS in the 20,30,and 40 g/kg FF-Z groups were 22.08%,22.14%,and 14.58%,respectively,which were lower than that in the PC group(84.45%).Pathological tissue section analysis showed that the addition of FF-Z at 30 g/kg effectively reduced inflammatory reactions caused by pathogenic bacteria invasion into infected tissues,thereby protecting sea cucumber tissues.The study demonstrates that the herbal compound FF-Z enhances immunity and disease resistance in sea cucumber,providing effective prevention and protection against skin ulcer caused by

关 键 词：腐皮综合征 灿烂弧菌 中药复方 恩诺沙星 体外抑菌 刺参 

分 类 号：S947.9[农业科学—水产养殖]