不同生境鱼类在模拟捕食风险下对隐蔽场所的选择偏好:以中华倒刺鲃和德玛森小岩鲷为例  

HABITAT-SPECIFIC FISH PREFERENCE FOR SHELTER SELECTION UNDER SIMULATED PREDATION RISK:A CASE STUDY OF CHINESE BARB(SPINIBARBUS SINENSIS)AND CICHLID(CHINDONGO DEMASONI)

作　　者：曾足仙 李武新 付世建 ZENG Zu-Xian;LI Wu-Xin;FU Shi-Jian(Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学进化生理与行为学实验室,重庆市动物生物学重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第7期1205-1213,共9页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32370509);重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0835)资助。

摘　　要：为了考察鱼类在模拟捕食风险下对隐蔽场所的选择偏好,研究选取栖息环境迥异的中华倒刺鲃幼鱼(Spinibarbus sinensis)和德玛森小岩鲷(Chindongo demasoni)幼鱼为实验对象,比较两种鱼对不同类型(水草、树枝和砾石)和不同颜色(蓝色、红色和绿色水草)隐蔽场所的选择偏好。研究发现:(1)在不同类型隐蔽场所中,模拟捕食刺激前,中华倒刺鲃和德玛森小岩鲷均偏好水草,前者对砾石表现出回避,而后者则是偏好;(2)在模拟捕食刺激后,两种鱼对水草的偏好更为显著;(3)在不同颜色隐蔽场所中,模拟捕食刺激前,中华倒刺鲃首次选择绿色水草占比最高,德玛森小岩鲷则为红色水草;(4)在模拟捕食刺激后,中华倒刺鲃在不同颜色隐蔽场所的停留时间占比无显著差异,德玛森小岩鲷在红色水草的停留时间占比最高。研究表明:中华倒刺鲃和德玛森小岩鲷对不同类型的隐蔽场所偏好一致,对不同颜色隐蔽场所的偏好表现出种间差异,这可能与二者不同的栖息环境和生活习性密切相关。The utilization of shelters represents a crucial anti-predator behavioral strategy among fish species.Shelters preference,a key facet of this strategy,seems intricately linked to various factors,including habitat conditions,as well as physiological and morphological characteristics of organisms.In this study,juvenile Chinese barb(Spinibarbus sinensis)and juvenile cichlid(Chindongo demasoni)were employed as fish model.The objective was to investigate shelter selection preference for different types(e.g.,weed,branch and stone)and colors(e.g.,blue,red and green)in response to simulated predator attacks.The main results of this study are as follows:(1)Among different shelters,both Chinese barb and cichlid exhibited a preference for weed under natural conditions.Chinese barb demonstrated an aversion of stone,while cichlid showed a preference for stone.(2)The preference for weed became more pronounced in both Chinese barb and cichlid after simulated predation attack.(3)Concerning different color shelters,the highest percentage of the first choice for green weed was observed in the natural state for Chinese barb,while cichlid displayed the highest percentage of first choice for red weed.(4)Following simulated predation attacks,there was no significant difference in the dwell time proportion in different color shelters by Chinese barb.However,cichlid exhibited the highest dwell time proportion in red weed.These results suggested that Chinese barb and cichlid consistently exhibit preferences for different types of shelters,with interspecific differences in selection preferences for shelters of different colors.These differences may be closely linked to their distinct habitats and habits.

关 键 词：隐蔽场所 模拟捕食刺激 种间差异 反捕食行为 隐蔽场所选择偏好 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]