草莓大棚开沟起垄刀具数值模拟与工作参数响应面优化  

Simulation of Furrowing and Ridging Blade in Strawberry Greenhouses and Optimization of the Working Parameters with the Response Surface Method

作　　者：郭小锋[1] 师鹏辉 乔书杰[2] 孙千涛 GUO Xiaofeng;SHI Penghui;QIAO Shujie;SUN Qiantao(School of Mechatronics Engineering,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450007,China;School of Intelligent Engineering,Zhengzhou College of Finance and Economics,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Changyuan Branch of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changyuan Henan 453400,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院机电学院,郑州450007 [2]郑州财经学院智能工程学院,郑州450000 [3]河南省农业科学院长垣分院,河南长垣453400

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2024年第3期334-342,共9页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51705545);河南省科技攻关项目(222102220058,222102220091,232102110302)。

摘　　要：草莓种植要求采用高垄栽培,为了提高开沟质量,现有开沟刀具一般是将旋耕刀具的刀身部分进行简单加宽处理。由于这种改进缺乏设计依据,当前的草莓大棚开沟刀具普遍存在作业质量不高和能耗较大的问题。为了进一步提高草莓大棚开沟刀具的性能,采用LS-DYNA软件建立了开沟刀具土壤旋抛数值仿真模型,并搭建田间实时试验装置,对仿真模型进行了分析验证。在此基础上,采用Box-Behnken响应面分析方法,以刀辊扭矩和残留粒子比例为响应值,建立了刀辊前进速度,刀轴转速和开沟起垄深度的二次回归模型,并对其进行优化。优化结果表明:前进速度0.38 m·s^(-1)、刀轴转速300 r·min^(-1)、开沟起垄深度300 mm,以此参数进行田间试验得到的扭矩为27.9 Nm,模型优化预测结果与田间试验相比相对误差小于5%,验证了优化模型和结果的可靠性。提出的新型的开沟刀具参数化设计方法可为大棚草莓开沟机具的设计优化提供参考。Strawberry planting requires the use of high ridge cultivation,in order to increase the quality of furrowing and ridging,the existing blades are generally improved by increasing the width of front part of the blade.Due to the lack of design basis for this improvement,the current strawberry greenhouse furrowing and ridging tools generally have problems of low working quality and large energy consumption.In order to study the blade design method which is suitable for furrowing operation in strawberry greenhouse,the numerical simulation model of soil throwing with the furrowing blade was established by using LS-DYNA software,the real-time field test device was set up to analyze and verify the simulation model.On this basis,Box-Behnken response surface analysis method was used to establish the quadratic regression model,in which the forward speed of the blade roller,the rotational speed of the blade shaft and the depth of furrowing and ridging are taken as input variables,and the torque of the blade roller,the proportion of residual particles are as the response values.By using the optimization module of the Design-Expert,the result shows that the forward speed of the machine is 0.38 m·s^(-1),the blade shaft speed is 300 r·min^(-1),and the furrowing and ridging depth is 300 mm.To verify the optimization result,the shaft torque obtained from field experiment with the optimized parameters is 27.9 Nm,and the relative error is less than 5%,which verifies the reliability of the optimized model.The new parametric design method of the furrowing and ridging blade in this study can provide reference for the design and optimization of strawberry furrowing machine in greenhouses.

关 键 词：草莓大棚 开沟起垄刀具 参数化设计 数值模拟 试验研究 

分 类 号：S222.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]