宁夏某精细化工园区废水可生化性与生物抑制性研究  

Study on the biodegradability and inhibitory effect of wastewater emitted from a fine chemical park in Ningxia Province,China

作　　者：孙佳薇 田林锋 金建华 蒙昌鸿 姜文娟 胡桂荣 董海波 赵宏宇 席劲瑛[1] SUN Jiawei;TIAN Linfeng;JIN Jianhua;MENG Changhong;JIANG Wenjuan;HU Guirong;DONG Haibo;ZHAO Hongyu;XI Jinying(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station of Shizuishan City,Shizuishan 753099;Ningxia Industrial Design Institutional Company Limited,Yinchuan 750000)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [3]石嘴山市生态环境监测站,石嘴山753099 [4]宁夏工业设计院有限责任公司,银川750000

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第6期123-131,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(No.2021BEG01002)。

摘　　要：针对宁夏某精细化工园区废水可生化性与生物抑制性进行了研究.结果发现,该园区内废水以化工、制药类废水为主,各排水单位BOD5/CODCr(B/C)值大多小于0.20,说明废水可生化性较差,生化处理能力相对较弱.部分废水对活性污泥中的微生物存在明显抑制作用,抑制率>90%,主要与该类废水毒性高、难降解有关;经现有臭氧催化氧化和生物滤池单元处理后,废水抑制率分别减少17%、10%,说明两种处理方法能够一定程度上去除工业废水中部分有毒物质,降低废水对污泥中微生物的抑制性.该园区内工业废水对市政污水处理厂活性污泥的抑制率为46%~96%,均存在抑制作用,经处理后仍含有有毒难降解物质.由于工业污泥与生活污泥菌群结构不同,从而导致了耗氧速率(OUR)的显著性差异.按照官能团分类,化工园区内经预处理后废水中主要毒性物质为卤代烃、苯系物、酚类和有机硫化合物等,这些物质分子量较大且在水环境中很难被生物降解,均对终端处理单位活性污泥中的微生物有抑制作用,进而影响整体工艺的处理效果.同时发现,废水的B/C与OUR呈正相关关系,相关系数为0.614(p<0.05),说明生物的抑制性冲击作用是制约处理出水水质改善的重要因素.本研究揭示了宁夏某精细化工园区废水处理系统中污水可生化性与生物抑制性,并提出了废水处理改进措施,为该类废水处理效能提升提供了科学支撑.In this study,the biodegradability and inhibitory effect of wastewater emitted from a fine chemical industry park in Ningxia Province were studied.The results showed that the wastewater in the park was mainly chemical and pharmaceutical wastewater,and the BOD5/CODCr(B/C)value of each drainage unit was mostly less than 0.20,with poor biodegradability and relatively weak biochemical treatment capacity.Part of the wastewater has obvious inhibition effect on microorganisms in activated sludge,and the inhibition rate is more than 90%,which is mainly related to the high toxicity and difficult degradation of this kind of wastewater;After the existing ozone catalytic oxidation and biofilter unit treatment,the inhibition rate of wastewater was reduced by 17%and 10%respectively,indicating that the two treatment methods can remove some toxic substances in industrial wastewater to a certain extent and reduce the inhibition of wastewater to microorganisms in sludge.The inhibition rate of industrial wastewater in the park to the activated sludge of municipal sewage treatment plant is 46%~96%,which has inhibition effect.After treatment,it still contains toxic and refractory substances.Due to the different microbial community structures between industrial sludge and domestic sludge,there is a significant difference in OUR.According to functional group classification,the main toxic substances in the pre treated wastewater in the chemical park are halogenated hydrocarbons,benzene series compounds,phenols,and organic sulfur compounds.These substances have a large molecular weight and are difficult to biodegrade in the water environment,all of which have inhibitory effects on the microorganisms in the activated sludge of the terminal treatment unit,thereby affecting the overall treatment effect of the process.At the same time,it was found that there is a positive correlation between the B/C and OUR of wastewater,with a correlation coefficient of 0.614(p<0.05),indicating that the inhibitory impact of organisms is an important factor

关 键 词：化工园区 废水 可生化性 生物抑制性 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]