农业小流域土壤微塑料与重金属复合污染的空间分异研究  

Spatial variability of soil microplastic and heavy metal synergistics pollution in a typical agricultural watershed

作　　者：王鑫淼 李敏[1,2] 赵方凯 邬艳妮 陈利顶 杨磊[1,2] WANG Xinmiao;LI Min;ZHAO Fangkai;WU Yanni;CHEN Liding;YANG Lei(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]云南大学生态与环境学院,昆明650091 [4]云南大学国际河流域与生态安全研究院,昆明650091

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第6期330-339,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.42230718,42201121)。

摘　　要：土壤中微塑料不仅直接影响动物、植物的生长和繁殖,还能作为载体吸附重金属、病原菌等污染物,对土壤生态系统健康造成严重威胁.为解析土壤微塑料与重金属复合污染特征及其空间分布规律,本研究选取云南省昆明市晋城流域为研究区,通过土壤样品的采集与实验分析,研究了流域土壤环境中微塑料与重金属的复合污染特征,并探讨了其潜在来源.结果表明:农业小流域土壤中有62%的样点发现了微塑料,微塑料对重金属的吸附与重金属在土壤环境中的含量显著相关(p<0.05);土地利用类型会影响土壤中微塑料对Zn、Pb和Cd的吸附,林地土壤中微塑料吸附的Zn含量显著高于露天农田,吸附的Pb和Cd含量均值也显著高于设施农田.土地利用格局影响了流域内土壤微塑料对重金属吸附的空间分异特征,土壤微塑料吸附重金属的高值区域主要集中在村镇附近,农业活动是影响微塑料与重金属复合污染的重要因素.本研究可为农业流域土壤安全利用与健康土壤管理提供科学支持.Microplastics in soil environment introduce substantial risks to plants and animals,and act as hotpots of adsorbing other pollutants such as heavy metals and pathogens.A typical agricultural watershed in Yunnan Province was selected as study area.The synergistic pollution characteristics of microplastics and heavy metals and their spatial distribution pattern as well as the potential sources of soil microplastics at the watershed scale were analyzed by field investigation and laboratory analysis.Results of this study shown that:microplastics were widely detected in soil environment and synergistic pollution with heavy metals were found in most sampling sites.Soil microplastics were found adsorbed relatively higher content of Cu and Cd than other heavy metals.Land use type can affect the adsorption of Zn,Pb,and Cd by microplastics in soil environment,and the land use pattern determined the spatial variability synergistic pollution of microplastic and heavy metals at watershed scale.Areas with relatively high degree of synergistic pollution were mainly distributed in areas near villages and towns.Agricultural activities were considered as the determining factor in affecting the synergistic pollution of microplastics and heavy metals.This study provides scientific guidance to the sustainable soil management and soil health in agricultural areas.

关 键 词：微塑料 重金属 复合污染 空间分布 土壤安全 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]