苹果与胶孢炭疽菌互作研究进展  

Advances in study of the interaction between apple and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

作　　者：冀志蕊 王美玉[2] 张树武 杜宜南 丛佳林 徐秉良 周宗山 JI Zhirui;WANG Meiyu;ZHANG Shuwu;DU Yinan;CONG Jialin;XU Bingliang;ZHOU Zongshan(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Xingcheng 125100,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第6期1199-1212,共14页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610182023012);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-27);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-RIP-05)。

摘　　要：胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)能够引发苹果苦腐病和苹果炭疽叶枯病,危害叶片和果实,影响果品产量和品质,给苹果产业造成严重的经济损失。对苹果与病原物互作分子机制最新研究进展进行综述,包括苹果上炭疽病的病原菌组成和分类、侵染循环及其引发的果树病害种类,病原菌的致病结构和降解酶类、致病相关基因的挖掘与分析、效应蛋白的筛选与功能分析等致病相关分子机制,苹果被侵染后生理生化变化、激素信号、抗病基因挖掘、miRNA参与的免疫调控机制等抗病相关的研究内容,以期为解析病原菌致病机制及与寄主互作机制,进而为挖掘潜力候选基因,以及病害综合防控和抗病分子育种奠定理论基础。Colletotrichum gloeosporioides can cause apple bitter rot,and anthracnose leaf blight,resulting in affecting fruit yield and quality,and causing serious economic losses to the apple industry.According to the latest fungal classification system,the C.gloeosporioides species complex consists of 13 different species,including C.gloeosporioides,C.aenigma and C.fructicola et al.Among them,C.fructicola and C.gloeosporioides are important pathogenic fungi on various fruit trees.Meanwhile,C.gloeosporioides can also cause diseases on other fruit trees such as cherry,passion fruit,and kiwifruit.In order to better prevent and control diseases,we need to have a comprehensive understanding of the classification,pathogenic mechanisms,and host interaction mechanisms of the pathogens on apples.In the process of colonizing host tissue,a number of C.gloeosporioides genes participate in different phases of infection procedures,which include conidiation,appressorium morphogenesis,melanization and penetration,biotrophy,necrotrophy,and various transport activities.In recent years,research on the pathogenic molecular mechanism of C.gloeosporioides on apples has mainly focused on the cloning and analysis of pathogenic related genes,screening and identification of effector proteins,pathogenic enzymes,and colletotoxins of C.gloeosporioides.Fungi secrete enzymes such as pectin,keratin and cellulase could help them successfully infect their hosts.New studies have shown that the adapter protein gene GcAP1 can regulate the expression of endopolygalacturonase genes(CgPG1 and CgPG2),pectin lyase genes(pnl-1,pnl-2),and pectate lyase genes(pelA,pelB),and GcAP1 is an important virulence factor of C.gloeosporioides.Currently,the successful application of PEG mediated genetic transformation and Agrobacterium mediated transformation in the study of C.gloeosporioides provides a basis for the development of pathogenic molecular mechanisms.It has been confirmed that the genes with different functions such as CgABCF2,CgCMK1,CgSET5,CgOpt1,CgNVF1,CgABCF2,C

关 键 词：苹果 胶孢炭疽菌 侵染机制 抗病机制 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]