中熟半矮生鲜食黄肉桃新品种豫黄1号的选育  

A new semi-dwarf,mid-ripening and yellow-fleshed fresh peach cultivar

作　　者：王小贝 连晓东[1,2] 张海朋 程钧 王伟 侯楠 张郎郎 郑先波 冯建灿[1,2] 谭彬 YuhuangWANG Xiaobei;LIAN Xiaodong;ZHANG Haipeng;CHENG Jun;WANG Wei;HOU Nan;ZHANG Langlang;ZHENG Xianbo;FENG Jiancan;TAN Bin(College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Henan Engineering and Technology Center for Peach Germplasm Innovation and Utilization,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学园艺学院,郑州450046 [2]河南省桃种质资源创新与利用工程技术研究中心,郑州450046

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第6期1239-1242,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划基础研究专项(24ZX010);国家自然科学基金项目(32202412);河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(HARS-22-09-G1);河南农业大学科技创新基金(KJCX2020A15)。

摘　　要：豫黄1号是以水蜜桃类型的鲜食黄肉桃品种黄水蜜为母本,以半矮生油桃新品种中油桃14号为父本通过杂交选育的半矮生黄肉鲜食桃新品种。该品种果面干净,茸毛稀少,离核,易剥皮。平均单果质量226.7 g,最大单果质量289 g。果肉黄色,软溶质,风味酸甜,香味浓郁,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)12.1%。萌芽力和成枝力中等,树势中庸,为半矮生类型。大花型,5瓣,花粉多,育性强。在郑州地区果实7月中旬成熟,果实发育期125 d左右,适宜河南桃产区及类似生态条件地区栽培。Peach(Prunus persica L.)is one of the most important fruit crops,and the cultivation area in China ranks the first in the world.The cultivation mode,fruit yield and quality are directly related to tree architecture.According to tree height and branch angle,peach tree architecture could be divided into standard,compact,semi-dwarf,dwarf,pillar,upright,weeping,broom and curved twig.The standard peach tree is applied in the main cultivars that require more labor input due to its excessive vegetative growth.Therefore,breeding varieties suitable for labor-saving cultivation has attracted the main attention of breeders.Yuhuang 1 is a mid-ripening,semi-dwarf and yellowed-fleshed fresh peach,deriving from a cross between Huangshuimi and Zhongyoutao14.The female parent Huangshuimi is an early-ripening,standard and yellow-fleshed fresh peach,and the male parent Zhongyoutao 14 is an early-ripening and semi-dwarf nectarine.In May of 2013,86 hybrid seedlings were planted in the research orchard of the Henan Agricultural University in Zhengzhou at the spacing of 3 meters between rows and 1 meter between trees in a row.Three consecutive years’observation indicated that among the 86 hybrids,34 hybrids represented semi-dwarf growing habit.In 2015,34 semi-dwarf hybrids began to flower and fruit,and through three years’observation on main fruit economic characteristics,12-7-16,12-7-6,12-7-83,12-6-12,12-6-15,12-6-19 and 12-6-20 were chosen as the superior individual tree.Among the 7 superior trees,12-7-6 showed mid-ripening,semi-dwarf and yellow-fleshed fruit with aromatic flavour and the main fruit economic characteristics were better.Then the 12-7-6 was named Yuhuang 1 and was top-grafted in the autumn.The regional adaptability testing(from 2018 to 2022)was carried out in three sites including Zhengzhou,Xinyang and Xinxiang of Henan province.Huangshuimi was used as the control cultivar.Comparing with Huangshuimi,Yuhuang 1 exhibited semi-dwarf growing habit with small branch growth,and the tree height was nearly 2/3 of the contr

关 键 词：桃 新品种 豫黄1号 半矮生 黄肉 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]