前茬冬小麦不同灌溉处理对夏甘薯产量的影响  

Effects of stubble irrigation treatment on yield of sweet potato

作　　者：李煜铭 王艳丽 吴鹏年 田春丽[3] 乔毅博 高晨凯 刘水苗 刘长硕 王同朝[1,2] LI Yuming;WANG Yanli;WU Pengnian;TIAN Chunli;QIAO Yibo;GAO Chenkai;LIU Shuimiao;LIU Changshuo;WANG Tongchao(College of Agriculture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhongmu 451450,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450046 [3]河南农业职业学院,河南中牟451450

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2024年第3期403-411,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021TFD1700900);河南农业职业学院科研创新团队项目(HNACKT-2020-06)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究前茬冬小麦季水分处理对夏甘薯生长及产量的影响,为周年轮作模式下水分管理提供参考。【方法】于2019—2021年在黄淮海平原南部开展田间试验,在冬小麦季设置3种灌溉处理:W0(不灌溉)、W1(单次灌溉45 mm)、W2(单次灌溉90 mm),各处理均灌溉2次。研究冬小麦不同水分处理对后茬夏甘薯土壤贮水量、生物量、产量和产量构成的影响。【结果】W1处理下土壤贮水量在甘薯收获期较W2处理和W0处理分别显著降低13.86%~19.28%和8.96%~10.92%。W2处理与不灌溉处理相比可显著增加甘薯叶面积指数9.65%~60.27%,提高蔓茎生物量6.42%~45.82%。W1和W2处理可显著提高鲜薯产量,分别较不灌溉处理显著提高13.43%~19.77%和9.18%~15.65%。就水分利用效率而言,2020年W1处理的水分利用效率分别较W2和W0处理显著提高12.66%和19.47%。【结论】该试验条件下,冬小麦季W1处理可促进夏甘薯地上部同化物向地下部分配,进而在提升鲜薯产量的同时提高水分利用效率。【Objective】Exploring the effects of winter wheat season water treatments on summer sweet potato growth and yield is of great significance for water management under annual crop rotation.【Method】Therefore,field experiments were conducted in southern Huang-Huai-Hai Plain from 2019 to 2021.Three irrigation levels were set during the winter wheat season:W0(no irrigation),W1(irrigated 45 mm once),and W2(irrigated 90 mm once),each treatment irrigated twice.to study the effects of different winter wheat water treatments on soil water storage,biomass,yield,and yield components of sweet potato.【Result】The results showed that soil water storage under W1 was significantly reduced by 13.86%to 19.28%compared with W2 and W0 at the harvest time of sweet potato.Compared with W0,the W2 increased leaf area index by 9.65%to 60.27%and improved biomass of vine by 6.42%to 45.82%.The W1 and W2 significantly increased fresh sweet potato yield by 13.43%to 19.77%and 9.18%to 15.65%,respectively,compared with no irrigation treatment.In terms of water use efficiency,the W1 in 2020 was significantly improved by 12.66%and 19.47%compared with W2 and W0 treatments,respectively.【Conclusion】Under the conditions of this experiment,the W1 during the winter wheat season facilitated the distribution of assimilates from the aboveground parts to the underground parts in summer sweet potato.This process not only enhanced the yield of fresh sweet potato,but also improved water use efficiency.

关 键 词：甘薯 土壤贮水量 产量 产量构成 T/R值 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]