PA66的改性及应用进展  

Modification and Application Progress of PA66

作　　者：李佳馨 钱晓明[1] 朵永超 郭寻 唐孝颜 LI Jiaxin;QIAN Xiaoming;DUO Yongchao;GUO Xun;TANG Xiaoyan(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学,纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《塑料》2024年第3期124-130,共7页Plastics

摘　　要：尼龙66(PA66)具有较多优异的特性,得到了广泛应用。但是,其仍存在部分缺陷,需要对PA66进行化学与物理改性,提升其性能。化学改性主要为共聚改性,利用二聚酸、己内酰胺等与PA66发生共聚、接枝、交联等化学反应,改变PA66的分子链结构,提升力学、阻燃等性能,降低其吸水率。物理改性包括填充改性、共混改性及直接添加助剂改性。填充改性又可分为3种,分别为填充玻璃纤维(GF)、碳纤维(CF)等的纤维增强改性,填充硅灰石、石墨等的无机矿物填充改性及填充碳纳米管(CNTs)、石墨烯(GN)等的纳米粒子填充改性。共混改性是将环氧树脂、聚烯烃等与PA66共混,增强韧性、耐磨性等。直接添加助剂改性是直接添加阻燃、抗菌剂等与PA66共混,赋予PA66阻燃、抗菌等性能,扩展了PA66的应用范围,更有利于其在新能源、汽车等高性能、功能化产业的发展。Nylon 66(PA66)is widely used because of its many excellent properties.However,it still has some defects and needs to be modified to improve its performance.PA66 can be chemically and physically modified.Chemical modification is mainly copolymerization modification.Through copolymerization,grafting,crosslinking and other chemical reactions between dimer acid,caprolactam and PA66,the molecular chain structure of PA66 is changed,the mechanical and flame retardant properties are improved,and the water absorption rate is reduced.Physical modification includes filling modification,blending modification and direct addition of additives modification.Filling modification is divided into three categories,respectively,fiber reinforced modification filled with glass fiber(GF),carbon fiber(CF),inorganic mineral filling modification filled with wollastonite and graphite,and nano-particle filling modification filled with carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and graphene(GN).Blending modification is to blend epoxy resin,polyolefin,etc.with PA66 to enhance toughness and wear resistance.The modification of direct addition of additives is to directly add flame retardant and antibacterial agents to blend with PA66,giving PA66 flame retardant,antibacterial and other properties.The proposed modification method expands the application range of PA66 and is more conducive to its development in high-performance and functional industries such as new energy and automobiles.

关 键 词：PA66 共聚改性 填充改性 共混改性 应用 

分 类 号：TQ323.6[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]