锌离子电容器正极材料设计策略与研究进展  

Design strategy and research progress in positive electrode materials for zinc-ion capacitors

作　　者：余翼星 杨萍萍 任富成 陶雯艳 丁锐 闫如玉 陈杨[1] 谢佳乐 YU Yixing;YANG Pingping;REN Fucheng;TAO Wenyan;DING Rui;YAN Ruyu;CHEN Yang;XIE Jiale(School of New Energy and Materials,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;Tongwei Solar(Chengdu)Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610299,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学新能源与材料学院,成都610500 [2]通威太阳能(成都)有限公司,成都610299

出　　处：《材料工程》2024年第6期15-24,共10页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：成都市鼓励校地校企合作培养产业发展人才项目“太阳能产业高素质应用型复合人才校企联合培养”项目(QYGG004,QYGG010);四川省产教融合示范项目“四川省光伏产业产教融合综合示范基地”资助(川财教【2022】106号);四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC1272);西南石油大学启航计划项目(2021QHZ018)。

摘　　要：锌离子电容器是一种由电池型负极和电容型正极组成的混合型超级电容器,具有高能量密度、高功率密度、高安全性、低成本等优点。锌离子电容器能量密度仍受限于正极材料的储能能力,因此,如何设计高比电容的正极材料是提高其能量密度的关键。本文首先对锌离子电容器的发展历程、结构和原理进行了概述,并分析了限制锌离子电容器应用的原因;其次,系统归纳了典型碳基材料和赝电容材料作为正极材料的器件性能及其优点与不足;再次,选取代表性研究工作重点总结了纳米结构设计、复合材料构建、杂原子掺杂三种正极材料设计策略及研究进展;最后,对正极材料的发展前景进行了展望,具体指出深入研究和发现新的电化学机理、开发新型高性能正极材料、探索有效的碳材料改性策略和研制功能性(如柔性)电极材料等研究方向,为制备出具有优异电化学性能的正极材料提供重要思路。Zinc-ion capacitor is a hybrid supercapacitor consisting of a battery-type negative electrode and a capacitor-type positive electrode,which has the advantages of high energy density,high power density,high safety,and low cost.Its energy density is still limited by the energy storage capacity of the positive electrode material.Therefore,how to design the positive electrode material with high specific capacitance is the key issue to improve the energy density of zinc-ion capacitors.Firstly,the development history,device structure and principles of zinc-ion capacitors were briefly summarized.Moreover,the reasons that limit the application of zinc-ion capacitors were analyzed.Secondly,the device performances,advantages,and shortcomings of typical carbon-based materials and pseudocapacitive materials as positive electrode materials were systematically summarized.Subsequently,the representative research work was chosen to summarize the design strategies and research progress of the positive electrode materials,including nanostructure design,composite material construction,and heteroatom doping.Finally,the development prospects of the positive electrode materials were discussed.It is pointed out that specific research directions are presented,including in-depth research and discovery of new electrochemical mechanisms,the development of new high-performance positive electrode materials,the exploration of effective modification strategies of carbon materials,and the development of functional(such as flexible)electrode materials.These perspectives can provide important ideas for the preparation of positive electrode materials with excellent electrochemical performance.

关 键 词：锌离子电容器 正极材料 纳米结构 材料复合 掺杂 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]