阻燃超细纤维合成革贝斯的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and properties of flame retardant microfiber synthetic leather base

作　　者：宋兵 冯莲 王维[1] 马春晖 王亮[1] 钱晓明[1] 徐志伟[1] SONG Bing;FENG Lian;WANG Wei;MA Chunhui;WANG Liang;QIAN Xiaoming;XU Zhiwei(Nonwoven Materials Engineering Center,College of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Mingxin Xuteng(Jiangsu)Innovation Research Institute Limited Company,Xuzhou 221433,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院非织造材料工程中心,天津300387 [2]明新旭腾(江苏)创新研究院有限公司,江苏徐州221433

出　　处：《材料工程》2024年第6期147-158,共12页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目青年基金(12205218)。

摘　　要：为了解决添加型阻燃水性聚氨酯稳定性差的问题,以脂肪族多异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇和阻燃含磷多元醇为原材料,通过预聚体法合成一系列具有阻燃性能的水性聚氨酯。将该阻燃水性聚氨酯应用于超细纤维合成革贝斯(超纤贝斯)的含浸工艺中,探讨其对超纤贝斯力学、品质、阻燃、热分解性能的影响。结果表明,随着含磷阻燃多元醇含量的增加,燃烧速率从115.00 mm/min降低至60.79 mm/min,极限氧指数从21.00%提高到24.20%。然后在超纤贝斯表面喷涂不同浓度的磷氮阻燃剂,经过测试发现,超纤贝斯在燃烧过程中出现自熄现象,极限氧指数提升到27.00%。与未经阻燃整理的超纤贝斯相比,经过阻燃整理超纤贝斯的热释放速率峰值、总释放热分别降低了42.29%,20.01%。通过扫描电镜和拉曼光谱分析可得,经过阻燃整理的炭层石墨化程度提高,结构更为致密,表明阻燃剂利用凝聚相阻燃机理发挥重要作用。To solve the problem of poor stability of additive flame retardant waterborne polyurethane,a series of waterborne polyurethane with flame retardant properties was synthesized by prepolymer method using aliphatic polyisocyanate,polyether polyol,and flame retardant phosphorus-containing polyol as raw materials.The flame retardant waterborne polyurethane was applied to the dipping process of microfiber synthetic leather base(microfiber base).Its effects on the mechanics,quality,flame retardant,and thermal decomposition properties of microfiber base were discussed.The results show that with the increase of phosphorus-containing flame retardant polyol content,the combustion rate decreases from 115.00 mm/min to 60.79 mm/min,and the limiting oxygen index increases from 21.00%to 24.20%.After different concentrations of phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants were sprayed on the surface of microfiber base,microfiber base appears self-extinguishing phenomenon during combustion,and the limiting oxygen index increases to 27.00%.Compared with the microfiber base without flame retardant treatment,the peak heat release rate and total heat release rate of the microfiber base after flame retardant treatment are reduced by 42.29%and 20.01%,respectively.The test analyses of SEM and Raman spectroscopy reveal that the graphitization degree of the carbon layer is improved and the surface structure becomes more compact after flame retardant finishing,suggesting that the flame retardant plays a crucial role by using the condensed phase flame retardant mechanism.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 超细纤维合成革贝斯 含浸涂层 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TS195.6[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程] TB332[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]