不同花生品种对花生镰孢菌根腐病及叶斑病田间抗性评价  

Evaluation on Resistance of Peanut Varieties against Peanut Root Rot and Leaf Spot

作　　者：李莹 于静 张霞 宋新颖 许曼琳[1] 郭志青 何康 曹铁华[2] 迟玉成[1] 刘敏 LI Ying;YU Jing;ZHANG Xia;SONG Xin-ying;XU Man-lin;GUO Zhi-qing;HE Kang;CAO Tie-hua;CHI Yu-cheng;LIU Min(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100;Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033;Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [2]吉林省农业科学院,吉林长春130033 [3]山东农业工程学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《花生学报》2024年第2期69-76,共8页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：青岛市自然科学基金项目(23-2-1-46-zyyd-jch);国家自然科学基金(32202326,31972967);中国烟草重大科技项目(110202201029(LS-13));山东省农业科学院创新工程(CXGC2021B33);山东省农业科学院揭榜科技(SHJB2022-15);山东省科技特派员创新创业项目(2022CXCY0102)。

摘　　要：为筛选抗花生镰孢菌根腐病兼抗叶斑病的花生品种,采用自然病圃鉴定法,于2021-2023年在山东省花生研究所莱西试验基地对50个国内常见花生品种进行抗花生镰孢菌根腐病和叶斑病的抗性鉴定试验。结果表明:不同花生品种对花生镰孢菌根腐病和叶斑病的抗性不同,经病情指数、相对抗病指数和分层聚类分析,划分为中抗、感病和高感3类,共获得10个中抗镰孢菌根腐病的花生材料,4个中抗叶斑病的花生材料,其中仅豫航花7号表现既中抗镰孢菌根腐病又中抗花生叶斑病。此外,发现小粒花生比大粒花生的中抗材料占比更高,高感材料却占比更少,表明小粒花生在抗镰孢菌根腐病和叶斑病方面更具优势。该研究为花生抗性品种选育、抗性机制的研究和花生病害的防治提供了依据。To identify the peanut varieties'resistance against Fusarium root rot and leaf spot,an experiment with fifty peanut varieties as material were carried out in natural disease nursery in Laixi,Shandong Province from 2021 to 2023.The results showed that different peanut varieties had different resistance against Fusarium root rot and leaf spot.According to disease index,relative resistance index and stratified cluster analysis,the peanut varieties were divided into three categories:medium resistance,susceptible and highly susceptible.Ten medium resistant varieties against Fusarium root rot were obtained and four peanut varieties were identified as medium resistant against leaf spot.In particular,only Yuhanghua7 showed moderate resistance against both Fusarium root rot and leaf spot.In addition,it was found that the proportion of medium resistant materials in small-kernel type peanut was higher than that in big-kernel type peanut,but the proportion of highly sensitive materials was less,indicating that small-kernel type peanut had more advantages in resistance against Fusarium root rot and leaf spot.This study provided the basis for breeding peanut resistant varieties,research on resistance mechanism and prevention of root rot disease.

关 键 词：花生 品种筛选 镰孢菌根腐病 叶斑病 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S565.203.7[农业科学—作物学] S435.652