氮磷肥对金银花生长发育及其有效成分含量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Growth and Development of Lonicera japonica and Content of Its Effective Components

作　　者：张金霞 李爱堂 杨希文 祁效林 赵万千 覃志江 ZHANG Jinxia;LI Aitang;YANG Xiwen;QI Xiaolin;ZHAO Wanqian;QIN Zhijiang(Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linxia Gansu 731100)

机构地区：[1]临夏回族自治州农业科学院,甘肃临夏731100

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第12期61-64,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目“中药材标准化种植及精深加工技术研究与示范”(22CX8NN229);临夏州科技计划项目“临夏州金银花优质丰产栽培技术研究与集成应用”(2021-N-2-2)。

摘　　要：本文采用盆栽法,研究了不同氮肥和磷肥施用量对金银花叶片面积、百叶重、千蕾重、光合色素含量及有效成分含量的影响。结果表明,在供试土壤基本性质基础上,施用氮肥能显著提高金银花叶片光合色素的含量。当氮肥施用量为0~15 g/株时,金银花生长指标随着氮肥施用量的增加而增加,其中氮肥施用量为15 g/株时金银花各项生长指标最佳。当氮肥施用量为45 g/株时,金银花绿原酸含量和总黄酮含量达到最高,均显著高于其他处理。不同磷肥处理对金银花的生长影响差异不显著,但过量施用磷肥对金银花生长不利。当磷肥施用量为30 g/株时,金银花绿原酸含量和总黄酮含量均达到最大值。当磷肥施用量超过30 g/株时,金银花绿原酸含量和总黄酮含量均显著下降。氮肥施用量15~45 g/株、磷肥施用量10~30 g/株对金银花生长发育和质量最佳。This paper used pot culture method to study the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers application on the leaf area,100-leaf weight,1000-bud weight,photosynthetic pigment content,and effective component content of Lonicera japonica.The results showed that,based on the basic properties of the tested soil,the application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the content of photosynthetic pigments in Lonicera japonica leaves.When the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 0-15 g/plant,the growth indicators of Lonicera japonica increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate.Among them,the best growth indicators of Lonicera japonica were achieved when the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 15 g/plant.When the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 45 g/plant,the contents of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids in Lonicera japonica reached the highest,both significantly higher than those in other treatments.The effects of different phosphorus fertilizer treatments on the growth of Lonicera japonica were not significant,but excessive application of phosphorus fertilizer was detrimental to the growth of Lonicera japonica.When phosphorus fertilizer application rate was 30 g/plant,the contents of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids in Lonicera japonica reached their maximum values.When phosphorus fertilizer application rate exceeded 30 g/plant,the contents of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids in Lonicera japonica significantly decreased.The best application rates for the growth,development,and quality of Lonicera japonica were 15-45 g/plant of nitrogen fertilizer and 10-30 g/plant of phosphorus fertilizer.

关 键 词：金银花 氮肥 磷肥 生长发育 光合色素 绿原酸 总黄酮 

分 类 号：S567.79[农业科学—中草药栽培]