γ-氨基丁酸对枇杷幼果耐寒性的影响  

Effects ofγ-Aminobutyric Acid on Cold Tolerance of Loquat Young Fruits

作　　者：黄科文 邓群仙[2] 周连莹 洛绒电月 杜鹏 刘磊 HUANG Kewen;DENG Qunxian;ZHOU Lianying;LUORONG Dianyue;DU Peng;LIU Lei(Institute of Horticulture,Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 611100;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu Sichuan 611130;Bureau of Agriculture,Livestock,Rural Development and Science and Technology in Daocheng County,Daocheng Sichuan 627750)

机构地区：[1]成都市农林科学院园艺研究所,四川成都611100 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都611130 [3]稻城县农牧农村和科技局,四川稻城627750

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第12期79-84,共6页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划“十四五”育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0023-07);国家现代化农业产业技术体系四川水果创新团队项目(sccxtd-2023-04);四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC0092);成都市农业科技英才培育项目(2023-2025)。

摘　　要：为了探索外源γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对枇杷幼果耐寒性的影响,分别对五年生川早枇杷幼果喷施0、1、5、10、20 mmol/L GABA溶液,7 d后于人工气候箱-3℃处理24 h,研究GABA对低温胁迫下枇杷幼果相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、抗氧化酶活性及渗透调节物质含量的影响。结果表明,与常温对照相比,低温胁迫可使枇杷幼果的REC、MDA含量和冻害指数明显升高,而经外源GABA处理后枇杷幼果REC、MDA含量和冻害指数明显下降。经GABA处理后,枇杷幼果的超氧化物歧化酶活性、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量和脯氨酸含量均较0 mmol/L GABA处理显著升高,并与REC和MDA含量成极显著负相关关系。外源GABA能够通过提高抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量来缓解冻害对枇杷幼果造成的不利影响,其中20 mmol/L GABA处理对枇杷幼果耐寒性的增强效果最好。In order to explore the effects of exogenousγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)on the cold tolerance of loquat young fruits,5-year-old Chuanzao loquat young fruits were sprayed with 0,1,5,10,20 mmol/L GABA solution,seven days later,they were placed in an artificial climate chamber at-3℃for 24 h,the effects of GABA on relative electrical conductivity(REC),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,antioxidant enzymes activity and osmotic regulating substances content of loquat young fruits were investigated.The results showed that compared with the normal tempera-ture control,REC,MDA content and freezing index of loquat young fruits significantly increased by low temperature stress,whereas the REC,MDA content and freezing index significantly decreased by exogenous GABA treatment.Com-pared with 0 mmol/L GABA treatment,the superoxide dismutase activity,ascorbate peroxidase activity,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and proline content of loquat young fruits treated with GABA significantly increased,and showed a highly significant negative correlation with REC and MDA content.Exogenous GABA could alleviate the adverse effects of frost damage on loquat young fruits by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulating substances content,among which the 20 mmol/L GABA treatment had the best effect on the enhancement of cold tolerance of loquat young fruits.

关 键 词：枇杷幼果 Γ-氨基丁酸 低温胁迫 耐寒性 

分 类 号：S661.9[农业科学—果树学]