超声诊断儿童食管异物  

Ultrasound for diagnosing esophageal foreign body in children

作　　者：庞焕平 刘庆华[1] 刘小芳[1] 苗莉莉[1] 闫玉玺[1] PANG Huanping;LIU Qinghua;LIU X iaofang;MIAO Lili;YAN Yuxi(Department of Ultrasound,Children’s Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属儿童医院超声科,山东济南250022

出　　处：《中国介入影像与治疗学》2024年第6期354-357,共4页Chinese Journal of Interventional Imaging and Therapy

摘　　要：目的观察超声诊断儿童食管异物的价值。方法回顾性分析45例食管异物患儿食管超声表现,评估其诊断价值。结果45例中,颈段食管异物40例(40/45,88.89%)、胸段食管异物5例(5/45,11.11%)。食管超声正确诊断44例食管异物,准确率为97.78%(44/45)。各种异物中,果核类呈弧形强回声、后方伴声影,塑料贴纸类表现为边缘清晰的条状强回声,骨头及鱼刺类呈不规则/细条状强回声,纽扣电池表现为弧形/短条状强回声后方伴声影,熟蛋清表现为不规则块状无回声,果肉、玩具部件及硬币等多表现为食管内不同形状中等、强或混合回声,金属类异物强回声后方见“彗星尾”征。超声检出的44例食管异物中,31例(31/44,70.45%)异物周围管壁未见异常改变,7例(7/44,15.91%)见黏膜坏死损伤、溃疡形成,3例(3/44,6.82%)管壁炎性水肿,3例(3/44,6.82%)合并食管穿孔。结论超声诊断儿童食管异物便捷、可行,准确率高。Objective To observe the value of ultrasound for diagnosing esophageal foreign body in children.Methods Ultrasonic manifestations of 45 children with esophageal foreign body were retrospectively analyzed,and the diagnostic value of ultrasound was evaluated.Results Among 45 cases,cervical esophageal foreign body was found in 40 cases(40/45,88.89%),while thoracic esophageal foreign body was detected in 5 cases(5/45,11.11%).Ultrasound correctly diagnosed 44 cases of esophageal foreign body,with an accuracy rate of 97.78%(44/45).Among different kinds of foreign bodies,fruit pits mainly presented as arc strong echogenicity accompanied by behind sound shadow,plastic stickers exhibited strong echogenicity with clear edges in the form of stripes,fish bones presented as irregular or slender strong echogenicity,button batteries demonstrated in arc/short strip strong echogenicity accompanied by sound shadows in the rear,while cooked albumen appeared as irregular chunks without echo,and the sarcocarp,toy parts and coins often presented as different shaped moderate/strong/mixed echogenicity,metallic foreign bodies with“comet tail”sign behind the strong echoes.Among 44 cases ultrasound correctly diagnosed esophageal foreign body,no abnormal changes of surrounding esophageal wall was found in 31 cases(31/44,70.45%),whereas mucosal necrosis injury and ulcer formation were detected in 7 cases(7/44,15.91%),inflammatory edema of esophageal wall were noticed in 3 cases(3/44,6.82%),and 3 cases(3/44,6.82%)were found with esophageal perforation.Conclusion Ultrasound was convenient and feasible for diagnosing esophageal foreign body in children with high accuracy.

关 键 词：食管 异物 儿童 超声检查 

分 类 号：R729[医药卫生—儿科] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]