基于虚拟直流电机的分布式储能系统能量动态分配策略  

Energy Dynamic Allocation Strategy of Distributed Energy Storage System Based on Virtual DC Machine

作　　者：乔露 王鲁杨 李唯嘉 马海宁 QIAO Lu;WANG Luyang;LI Weijia;MA Haining(Electric Power Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Yangpu District,Shanghai 200090,China;State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company UHV Branch,Pudong New District,Shanghai 201204,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电力大学电气工程学院,上海市杨浦区200090 [2]国网上海市电力公司超高压分公司,上海市浦东新区201204

出　　处：《现代电力》2024年第3期547-556,共10页Modern Electric Power

基　　金：上海绿色能源并网工程技术研究中心资助项目(13DZ2251900)。

摘　　要：为了增强直流微电网中分布式储能系统的惯性,并在线路阻抗不匹配的情况下实现各储能单元(energy storage unit,ESU)的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)均衡,提出一种基于虚拟直流电机(virtual DC machine,VDCM)的分布式储能系统能量动态分配策略。首先,将VDCM技术应用到储能侧控制中,利用VDCM的输出特性增强系统的抗扰能力。然后,利用电枢回路方程输出特性,并根据储能系统能量分配需求,动态设计虚拟电枢电阻,使其可随SOC在规定界限内自适应变化,实时调整各变换器的输出功率,并引入压降调节因子动态微调各变换器输出虚拟压降至相等,从而补偿线路阻抗的不匹配度,实现各ESU的SOC均衡。此外,采用一致性算法在相邻ESU间获得所需平均值信息,增强系统的可扩展性。最后,搭建光伏多储能直流微电网系统模型,仿真和实验结果验证了所提控制策略的合理性和有效性。To enhance the inertia of the distributed energy storage system in the DC microgrid,and achieve the state of charge(SOC)balance of each energy storage unit(ESU)in the case of line impedance mismatch,a dynamic energy allocation strategy of distributed energy storage system based on virtual DC machine(VDCM)was proposed.Firstly,the VDCM technology was applied to the energy storage side control using the output characteristics of VDC to enhance the anti-interference capability of the system,then,using the output characteristics of the armature loop equation to dynamically design the virtual armature resistance according to the energy distribution demand of the energy storage system,so that it can adaptively change with the SOC within the specified limits,and the output power of each converter in real-time,and the voltage drop adjustment factor was introduced to dynamically fine-tune the virtual voltage drop of each converter to be equal,so as to compensate for the mismatch degree of the line impedance and realize the SOC equalization of each ESU.Secondly,a consensus algorithm was used to obtain the required average value information between adjacent ESUs,which improves the scalability of the system.Finally,a photovoltaic multi-energy storage DC microgrid system model was built,and the simulation and experimental results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

关 键 词：直流微电网 荷电状态 虚拟直流电机 分布式储能系统 能量动态分配 虚拟电枢电阻 直流母线电压 压降调节因子 

分 类 号：TM33[电气工程—电机]