一种新型骶神经孔穿刺定位方法的初步确立  

Preliminary establishment of a novel localization method for sacral nerve foramen puncturing

作　　者：徐磊 杜飞 王文富 陈立朋 史本康[1] 李岩[1] XU Lei;DU Fei;WANG Wenfu;CHEN Lipeng;SHI Benkang;LI Yan(Department of Urology,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,Ji nan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医院泌尿外科,山东济南250012

出　　处：《现代泌尿外科杂志》2024年第6期521-526,共6页Journal of Modern Urology

摘　　要：目的通过分析骶神经孔特征,确立一种新型的骶神经穿刺定位方法,帮助临床提高穿刺成功率。方法回顾性分析2019年1月—2022年8月山东大学齐鲁医院158例接受骶神经调控术(SNM)患者的临床资料和骶尾骨计算机断层扫描(CT)三维重建影像,在第3骶孔水平线测量一侧骶髂关节下缘至同侧第3骶孔内上缘距离(D1)、同侧第3骶孔内上缘至骶中线的水平距离(D2),计算二者比值(D1/D2),用于术中精确定位骶神经孔。分析本组患者的测量数据特点和穿刺结果。结果共纳入患者158例,其中男性89例,女性69例,平均年龄(49.0±16.9)岁,平均D1、D2、D1/D2分别为(29.6±4.9)mm、(13.8±3.2)mm、(2.2±0.6)。相较于男性患者,女性患者的D1[(28.7±4.2)mm vs.(30.7±5.5)mm,P=0.010]及D1/D2均较大[(2.1±0.5)vs.(2.4±0.7),P=0.001]。少年组D1小于成年组[(25.7±5.4)mm vs.(29.8±4.7)mm,P=0.006]。采用本定位方法在术中精确定位后,158例患者均穿刺成功,152例(96.20%)患者术中神经反应应答非常好,2例(1.27%)患者应答良好,4例(2.53%)患者应答一般。结论骶3神经定位点的位置大约位于骶髂关节下缘至骶中线连线中内1/3处。通过X线测量骶髂关节下缘至骶中线的水平距离,并在体表进行骶神经孔定位,有望成为辅助SNM中定位电极置入点的可靠方法。Objective To establish a novel localization method for sacral nerve foramen puncture by analyzing the characteristic of sacral nerve foramen trying to help improve the success rate of sacral foramen puncture.Methods Clinical data and sacrococcyx CT and three-dimensional reconstruction imaging data of 158 patients who received sacral nerve modulation(SNM)during Jan.2019 and Aug.2022 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The distance between inferior margin of articulatio sacroiliaca and the internal edge of the 3rd neural foramen(D1),and the distance between the internal edge of the 3rd neural foramen and sacral midline(D2)were measured,and the ratio of D1 and D2 was calculated for precise intraoperative positioning.The measurement data characteristic and puncture results were analyzed.Results A total of 89 males and 69 females were included,with an average age of(49.0±16.9)years.The average D1,D2,and D1/D2 were(29.6±4.9)mm,(13.8±3.2)mm,and(2.2±0.6),respectively.Female patients had greater D1[(30.7±5.5)mm vs.(28.7±4.2)mm,P=0.010]and D1/D2[(2.4±0.7)vs.(2.1±0.5),P=0.001]than male patients.Compared with adults,the adolescents had smaller D1[(29.8±4.7)mm vs.(25.7±5.4)mm,P=0.006].After precise intraoperative positioning using this positioning method,158 patients were successfully punctured,152(96.20%)had excellent intraoperative neural response,2(1.27%)had good response,and 4(2.53%)had average response.Conclusion The surface projection of sacral nerve was approximately at the middle-inner 1/3 of the inferior margin of articulatio sacroiliaca to sacral midline.Through measuring distance from inferior margin of articulatio sacroiliacato sacral midline via X-ray,sacral nerve situation could be performed in surface,which might be a secure way to accessorily situate electrode implantation site for sacral neuromodulation.

关 键 词：脊髓损伤 脊髓栓系综合征 骶神经调控术 体表定位 骶髂关节下缘 骶神经孔 

分 类 号：R694.5[医药卫生—泌尿科学]