产业集聚与中国出口增长模式研究  

Research on Industrial Agglomeration and China's Export Growth Mode

作　　者：张艳[1] 王冰洁 钟腾龙 ZHANG Yan;WANG Bingjie;ZHONG Tenglong

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学国际经济与贸易学院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2024年第5期36-53,共18页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国服务业扩大开放、效率与产业安全协调发展政策研究”(20210052);国家自然科学基金青年项目“进口竞争、成本加成与贸易利得:基于多产品企业的理论、机制与经验研究”(71903003);中央财经大学青年科研创新团队支持计划资助。

摘　　要：中国出口贸易规模正在不断扩大,产业集聚水平在持续提升,然而很多出口企业却陷入“内卷化”增长困境。本文基于“最强小镇”的案例以及中国工业企业数据和海关数据,从产业集聚的视角探究中国出口增长模式。研究发现:专业化集聚与企业出口表现(出口额和出口产品种类),与出口企业绩效(营业收入、利润和工资)均呈现“倒U型”关系;过度专业化集聚加剧了竞争和拥堵效应,降低了企业生产率、资金流动性和议价能力,拉低了出口价格与产品资本密集度,严重影响了出口企业持续增长和贸易利得;而垂直多样化集聚和产业集群的形成,有助于破解出口增长困境。本文全面阐释了产业集聚对中国出口增长模式和增长困境的影响,为中国出口持续健康发展提供了理论和政策支持。China's export value and the level of agglomeration are both going up.However,many exporting firms are trapped in the dilemma of"involution"growth.Based on the case of"the Strongest Towns",China Annual Survey of Industrial Firms database and China Customs database,this paper explores the export growth mode of China from the perspective of industrial agglomeration.This paper finds that specialized agglomeration al-so enterprise export performance(export volume and types of exported products)has an inverted U-shaped relation with firms'exporting performance(revenue,profit and wages).Excessive specialized agglomeration intensifies the competition and congestion effects,reducing TFP,capital liquidity and bargaining power.It also lowers export prices and product capital intensity,and seriously affects the sustainable growth and gains from trade for the exporting firms.The formation of vertically diversified agglomeration and industrial clusters can help solve the problem of export growth.This article comprehensively explains the impact of industrial agglomeration on China's export growth mode and growth difficul-ties,providing theoretical and policy support for the sustained and healthy development of China's exports.

关 键 词：专业化集聚 “最强小镇” 出口增长模式 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易]