“王权至尊”的真伪之辩与合法性叙事——以莫尔与圣·杰曼的论战为中心  

The Controversy on the Authenticity and the Legitimate Narrative about Royal Supremacy:Centered on the Debates between Thomas More and Christopher Saint-Germain

作　　者：王凯 Wang Kai(School of Law,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院,广州510006

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期166-174,共9页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：“王权至尊”作为英格兰脱离普世基督教帝国的合法性叙事,被视作英格兰主权国家的理论表达。但现有研究并不重视都铎政府高层对其的反对意见。莫尔因拒绝对《继承法案》宣誓而遭受叛国罪审判时,就已阐明“王权至尊”真实性的缺陷。在此之前莫尔还就教会成员构成、教会本质及议会立法权等问题与圣·杰曼展开论战。上述问题正是莫尔判断“王权至尊”真实性的“前理解”。圣·杰曼认为教会是神职人员与平信徒的集合体,并将“王在议会”作为英格兰王国整体性的代表等同于王国的至高性,从而主张议会具有管辖教会并授予国王教会领袖的权力。但“王在议会”的模糊性也决定了“王权至尊”只能证成英格兰脱离大公教会的合法性,却无法明确本土属灵事务的管辖权究竟归属于国王本人或议会。The“Royal Supremacy”has been considered as the theoretical expression of England as a sovereign state due to its legitimate narrative of England's separation from the universal Christian empire.However,little attention has been paid in past research to the objections of the senior officials in the Tudor Government to the Act of Supremacy.Thomas More,for instance,who refused to take an oath to the Succession Act,presented arguments which exposed the flaws in the authenticity of the theory of“Royal Supremacy”when he was in the trial of treason.Prior to that,Thomas More had engaged in a debate with Christopher Saint-Germain on such issues as the composition of church members,the nature of the Church,and the legislative authority of the Parliament.The above issues were just the“preunderstanding”that More used to evaluate the authenticity of the“Royal Supremacy”.Saint-Germain regarded the church as a collective of both clergy and laymen,and equated the concept of“King-in-Parliament”(王在议会)as the integrated representative of the Kingdom of England with its supremacy,thus demonstrating that the Parliament had the jurisdiction over the church and the power to grant the king as“supreme head”of the Church of England.However,the ambiguity of the“King-in-Parliament”determined that the“Royal Supremacy”only proved the legitimacy of England's separation from the Catholic Church(大公教会),but was unable to determine whether the jurisdiction over the spiritual affairs in England rested with the sole king or the Parliament.

关 键 词：“王权至尊” 莫尔与圣·杰曼的论战 政教关系 亨利八世宗教改革 

分 类 号：D909.1[政治法律—法学理论]