冲突法中的选法意外规制  

On Legal Regulation Against Unexpectation of Law Choice in Conflict of Laws

作　　者：黄晖[1] Huang Hui

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院

出　　处：《法商研究》2024年第3期152-166,共15页Studies in Law and Business

基　　金：重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021DSKXYFX009)。

摘　　要：不确定性是冲突法作为间接调整方法的内在属性,选法意外则是不确定性的一种极端形态。立法的空白、不明晰以及司法裁量的存在是选法意外的现实基础。作为冲突法理性之治产生的非理性结果,选法意外合法但不合理。选法意外应被规制,因其挑战了选法的纯粹理性、违背了立法的规范理性、削减了司法的实践理性并减损了主体的期待理性。由于选法意外是合法的,因此现有针对违法性问题设置的制度安排无法对其进行有效矫正;也因其独特性,故现有针对合理性问题设计的制度安排无法对其进行有效救济。为否定极端选法,排除最不合理的选法结果,有必要构建选法意外的规制方案。选法意外与冲突法具有共生关系,无法完全切割,相对合理且现实的对策是从原则、制度与规则3个层面进行限制,综合构建选法意外的阻断安排,将冲突法的选法结果限定在最不坏的选项之中。Uncertainty is the inherent character of Conflict of Laws as an indirect adjustment method,while unexpectation of law choice is an extreme form of uncertainty.The existence of legislative gap,unclear legal rules and judicial discretion is the realistic basis of unexpectation of laws choice.As the irrational result of the rational government of Conflict of Laws,the unexpectation of law choice is legal but unreasonable.The unexpectation of law choice should be regulated,because it challenges the pure rationality of law choice,violates the normative rationality of legislation,reduces the practical rationality of judicature,and diminishes the expectation rationality of subjects.Because the unexpectation of law choice is legal,it cannot be effectively corrected by the existing arrangements to deal with the problem of illegality.Because of its uniqueness,it can not be effectively relieved by the existing arrangements designed for rationality.In order to exclude the extreme law choice and eliminate the most unreasonable result of law choice,it is necessary to construct the regulation scheme of unexpectation of law choice.Unexpectation of law choice has a syn-biotic relationship with the Conflict of Laws,so they cannot be completely separated.The relatively reasonable and realistic way is to restrict the unexpectation of law choice from the three levels of principle,system and rule,by which blocking arrangement of unexpectation of law choice can be comprehensively constructed,and the less bad option can be limited into the law-choice result of Conflict of Laws.

关 键 词：冲突法 选法期待 选法意外 法律规制 选法排除 

分 类 号：D997[政治法律—国际法学] D926[政治法律—法学]