俄藏Инв.№7578西夏文藏传佛教草书写本初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Tibetan Buddhist Text ofИнв.№7578 in Cursive Tangut Script in Russian Collection

作　　者：张永富 ZHANG Yongfu(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国语言文学系,北京100871

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2024年第2期112-122,共11页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“夏藏梵汉四语种《真实名经》对勘与研究”(23CMZ031)。

摘　　要：最新刊布的俄藏Инв.№7578文本是西夏文藏传佛教草书写本,共由11个小文本组成。本文重点介绍了其中的3个,分别是文本1、文本2和文本8。其中文本1实为文殊具密摄部族观想次第的口传文本,不仅出现了印度大成就者嬉金刚(或称游戏金刚,līlavajra,■)名号的西夏文写法,还以图文互证的方式识别出了现存最早的文殊具密摄部族曼荼罗的遗存图像;文本2是《真实名经》的西夏文译本,译自藏文,与敦煌藏文本最为接近,且在体例结构和译语用词等方面与以往所见西夏文译本有较大的不同;文本8中首次出现了上乐金刚六十二尊曼荼罗的西夏文写法,或能为莫高窟第465窟的断代提供些许佐证。The newly published document MHB.No7578 is a Tibetan Buddhist manuscript written in cursive Tangut script that consists of eleven smaller texts.This paper focuses on three of them,namely the first,second and eighth texts.The first records a description of a Mannjusri mandala that was originally passed down orally.Analysis of the text has successfully verified both the Tangut name of the Indian figure Mahasiddha Lilavajra,and identified what is likely the earliest image of Mannjusri'sgsangldan rigs bsdus(文殊具密摄部族wen shuju mi she buzu).The second text is a copy of Arya-mannjusri-nama-samgiti writen in Tangut that is quite different from previously discovered Tangut versions of the document in terms of structure and lexical style,though it is quite similar to Tibetan versions found at Dunhuang.From this it can be concluded that at least two different versions of Arya-mannjusri-nama-samgiti were in circulation during the Western Xia dynasty.Finally,the eighth text is a mandala(dkyil-vkhor)of Cakrasamvara,which marks the first time that this theme has been recorded in Tangut language documents.This final detail could be useful for the dating of Mogao Cave 465.

关 键 词：西夏文 草书写本 文殊具密摄部族曼荼罗 《真实名经》 上乐金刚六十二本尊 

分 类 号：H211.7[语言文字—少数民族语言]