甘肃敦煌新出魏晋十六国镇墓文研究  

A Study on the Newly Discovered Tomb Inscriptions from the Wei,Jin and Sixteen Kingdoms Periods in Dunhuang,Gansu Province

作　　者：魏军刚 WEI Jungang(College of history,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,Qinghai)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学历史学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2024年第2期131-140,共10页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“出土文献与十六国官制研究”(23BZS028)。

摘　　要：2014-2015年,甘肃敦煌佛爷庙湾—新店台墓群新发现魏晋十六国镇墓文,对研究古代敦煌姓氏家族及基层行政组织演变问题,均具有重要价值。镇墓文记录翟氏、窦氏、钟氏、孙氏、王氏等5姓7人,补充和丰富了魏晋十六国时期敦煌姓氏资料,也弥补相关家族人物活动的时代缺环。镇墓文记录曹魏、前凉、后凉时期敦煌乡里名称,不仅填补曹魏、后凉在敦煌设乡里的资料空白,也证明十六国时期敦煌乡里设置、名称沿革的延续性,还反映魏晋十六国时期敦煌乡里百姓埋葬地和组织名称的新变化,推进了魏晋十六国时期敦煌乡里制的研究。A set of tomb inscriptions found in 2014-2015 at the Foyemiaowan-Xintaidian tombs in Dunhuang,Gansu province,date to the Wei,Jin and Sixteen Kingdom periods and are of significant historical value for research on the surnames of the families for whom the tombs were built,as well as the evolution of grassroots administrative organizations in ancient Dun-huang.The tomb inscriptions mention seven people with five different surnames:Zhai,Dou,Zhong,Sun,and Wang.Obtaining clear records of these names complement both the names of the townships of Dunhuang and the other surnames found in other in-scriptions from the Wei,Former Liang,and Later Liang dynasties;they also fill in gaps in our knowledge about the townships of the Wei and Later Liang,in particular,and provide several missing links regarding the activities of the members of these respec-tive families.The inscriptions also serve to supplement historical records by providing the names of the villages and communities in Dunhuang during the Wei period ruled by the Cao family(one of the Three Kingdoms),and those of the Northern Liang and Later Liang dynasties.This information verifies the continuity of Dunhuang grassroots organizations and the continued influence of these families throughout the Sixteen Kingdoms period.It also,however,reflects new changes in the place names of various burial sites and residences in Dunhuang that occurred during the Wei,Jin and Sixteen Kingdoms periods.Further research on the grassroots organizations in ancient Dunhuang will benefit greatly by consulting tomb inscriptions such as these.

关 键 词：魏晋十六国 敦煌镇墓文 姓氏 基层行政组织 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]