细菌ADP-核糖基转移酶的结构基础及研究进展  

Structural basis and research progress of bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferase

作　　者：吴欢 欧阳松应 关洪鑫 WU Huan;OUYANG Song Yingg;GUAN HongXin(College of life Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;FJNU Biomedical Research Center of South,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福州350117 [2]福建师范大学南方生物医学研究中心,福州350117

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第5期831-844,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:82225028,82172287,31900879,32171265);国家重点研发计划(批准号:2021YFC2301403)资助。

摘　　要：ADP核糖基化(ADP-ribosylation)是一种广泛存在于生物体内的蛋白质翻译后修饰,它由腺苷二磷酸核糖基转移酶(adenosine diphosphate ribosyltransferases,ARTs)催化完成.细菌ARTs通过将ADP-核糖从NAD^(+)转移到特定底物,进而调控宿主细胞的不同生命过程,最终帮助其繁殖并感染.随着研究的不断深入,发现除了经典的ARTs,细菌毒素-抗毒素系统或效应蛋白也可以发挥ARTs作用,并且识别的底物非常广泛,参与调控的生命过程也更加多样.本文总结了经典的ARTs和具有ADP-核糖基化修饰功能的毒素/抗毒素或效应蛋白,从其结构特点、靶向底物和残基的特异性以及机制进行综述,有助于深入理解细菌ADP-核糖基化修饰的机制,并为进一步阐明重要致病菌基于ADP-核糖基化修饰系统的致病机理提供帮助,也可为寻找新的治疗靶点提供参考.ADP-ribosylation is a widespread post-translational modification of proteins in organisms catalyzed by adenosine diphosphate ribosyltransferases(ARTs).Bacterial ARTs regulate the various life processes of host cells by transferring ADP-ribose from NAD^(+)to specific substrates,ultimately helping them to reproduce and infect.To date,it has been found that in addition to classical ARTs,bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems or effector proteins can also act as ARTs,recognizing a wide range of substrates and being involved in a more diverse range of life processes.This article summarizes the classical ARTs and toxins/antitoxins or effector proteins with ADP-ribosylation modification function,and reviews their structural characteristics and specificity and mechanisms of targeting substrates and residues.It will help us to understand the bacterial ribosylation modification and elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of important pathogenic bacteria based on the ADP-ribosylation modification system,and it will also provide a reference for identifying new therapeutic targets.

关 键 词：ADP-核糖基转移酶 分类 结构 底物 靶向残基 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]