唇(鱼骨)成鱼脾和肾的解剖学与组织学特征  

Anatomical and histological characteristics of spleen and kidney in adult Hemibarbus labeo

作　　者：朱玲 高心明 刘思琪 吕耀平[1] 戴庆敏[1] 胡则辉[2] 梅祖飞 ZHU Ling;GAO Xinming;LIU Siqi;LYU Yaoping;DAI Qingmin;HU Zehui;MEI Zufei(College of Ecology,Lishui University,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Zhoushan 316100,Zhejiang,China;Jinman Aquatic Seedling Farm,Lishui 323006,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]丽水学院生态学院,浙江丽水323000 [2]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316100 [3]金满水产苗种场,浙江丽水323006

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2024年第3期635-645,共11页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：浙江省自然基金(Y3110477);浙江省丽水市科技局项目(2018RC01);丽水学院研究生科研创新项目(YKY24030)。

摘　　要：采用解剖、石蜡切片及H.E染色技术研究了唇(鱼骨)脾脏、头肾及中肾的解剖学与组织学特征。结果显示,唇(鱼骨)脾脏单个,暗红色,呈扁平椭圆形,脾实质被起自被膜的结缔组织隔膜分隔成许多小叶,小叶内红髓与白髓界限不明显,含红细胞、淋巴细胞及黑色素巨噬细胞等,血管丰富。肾脏分为头肾和中肾。头肾位于体腔前端的心腹隔膜上方,分左右两叶,对称分布。头肾实质部分无肾单位,主要由淋巴组织构成,分红细胞聚集区和白细胞聚集区,内含丰富的红细胞、淋巴细胞、粒细胞及一定数量的黑色素巨噬细胞,在细胞组成上与脾脏有类似特征。中肾位于鱼体的胸腹段,紧贴体腔背部脊椎两侧,实质部分主要由肾单位、集合管及淋巴组织等构成;淋巴组织在细胞组成上与头肾有相似之处,含红细胞、淋巴细胞、粒细胞及黑色素巨噬细胞。研究结果表明,唇(鱼骨)脾脏、头肾是机体重要的免疫和造血器官,中肾除了泌尿功能外,在免疫及造血中也发挥重要作用。The anatomical and histological characteristics of spleen,head kidney and trunk kidney of Hemibarbus labeo were studied by dissection,paraffin sections and H.E staining.The results showed that the spleen is single with dark red.It is applanate and oval,and is separated into many lobes by the connective tissue diaphragm from the capsule.The boundary between red pulp and white pulp in the lobes is not obvious.The spleen contains many of the red blood cells,lymphocytes and melano-macrophages,and the blood vessels are rich.The kidney can be obviously divided into the head kidney and the trunk kidney.The head kidney is located above the diaphragm of the back of the heart at the front end of the body cavity,divided into left and right lobes,and distributed symmetrically.The parenchyma of the head kidney has no nephron,and is mainly composed of lymphoid tissue,including red blood cell centers and white blood cell canters.The head kidney also contains many of red blood cells,lymphocytes,granulocytes,and a certain number of melano-macrophages,which are similar to the spleen.The trunk kidney is located in the thoracic and abdominal segments of the fish body,and close to the two sides of the spine on the back of the body cavity.Its parenchymal part is mainly composed of nephron,collecting segment and lymphoid tissue.Many of red blood cells,lymphocytes,granulocytes,and melano-macrophages can be observed in the lymphatic tissue.These results indicated that the spleen and head kidney are important immune and hematopoietic organs,and the trunk kidney also plays an important role in immunity and hematopoiesis in addition to urinary function in H.labeo.

关 键 词：唇(鱼骨) 脾脏 头肾 中肾 组织结构 功能 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]