大型海藻南方浒苔对水产养殖废水净化作用的研究  

Study on the purification potential of Ulva meridionalis in aquaculture wastewater treatment

作　　者：陈春丽 林翰翔 林坤 谢恩义[1] 姜海波 朱文荣 崔建军 CHEN Chunli;LIN Hanxiang;LIN Kun;XIE Enyi;JIANG Haibo;ZHU Wenrong;CUI Jianjun(College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,Guangdong,China;College of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang,China;Xuwen Seaweed Development Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [3]象山旭文海藻开发有限公司,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2024年第3期646-657,共12页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2401303);广东海洋大学博士启动费及研究生培养经费项目(R19049)。

摘　　要：为了确定南方浒苔对水产养殖废水的净化效率、最适藻体密度和最佳处理时长,实验以模拟水产养殖废水为藻体培养液,设置0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5 g/L(实验组)和0 g/L(对照组)共6个藻体密度梯度,培养于bluepard生化培养箱内,在第0,12,24,36,48,60,72 h测定藻体培养液中NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N、PO_(4)^(-)-P的浓度。结果显示,南方浒苔对水产养殖废水具有显著的净化效果(P<0.05),其中净化养殖废水最适藻体密度为2.5 g/L。在南方浒苔最适藻体密度下有效净化水产养殖废水中NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N、PO_(4)^(-)-P时最佳处理时长分别为24、60、48、72 h,其去除率分别可达96.02%、51.83%、80.85%、97.67%。同时,南方浒苔对不同形式无机氮的吸收效率会受到水产养殖废水中不同氮源组成的影响,具体表现为先吸收NH_(4)^(+)-N再吸收NO_(3)^(-)-N最后吸收NO_(2)^(-)-N。研究表明,藻体密度为2.5 g/L的南方浒苔在水产养殖废水中处理72 h对废水中氮磷净化效果最佳。本研究可为生物净化水产养殖废水提供数据支持。To investigate the threshold of purification efficiency of Ulva meridionalis for aquaculture wastewater,in addition to identifying the optimal algal density and treatment duration for the purification of such wastewater,U.meridionalis was cultured in simulated aquaculture wastewater using a bluepard biochemical incubator.Six density gradients of 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 g/L(treatment groups)and 0 g/L(control group)were established.The concentration of NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N and PO_(4)^(-)-P in the simulated aquaculture wastewater was respectively measured at 0,12,24,36,48,60,and 72 hours.U.meridionalis demonstrated a significant purification effect on aquaculture wastewater(P<0.05).The optimal U.meridionalis density for effective purification of the culture wastewater was determined to be 2.5 g/L.The optimal treatment times for achieving effective purification of NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N and PO34--P in aquaculture wastewater,at the optimum algal density,were found to be 24,60,48,and 72 hours,respectively.Additionally,the removal efficiency of U.meridionalis for different forms of inorganic nitrogen was influenced by the composition of nitrogen sources present in the aquaculture wastewater.It was observed that NH_(4)^(+)-N was preferentially absorbed,followed by NO_(3)^(-)-N,and finally NO_(2)^(-)-N.The treatment of aquaculture wastewater with U.meridionalis s at an algal density of 2.5 g/L for a duration of 72 hours yielded the most effective purification of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater.This study provided data support for biological purification of aquaculture wastewater.

关 键 词：大型海藻 南方浒苔 水产养殖废水 脱氮去磷 净化作用 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖]