集装箱舱位分配与舱位租赁的感知价格研究  

Container Slot Allocation and Perceived Slot Chartering Price

作　　者：郑建风 肖懿灵 赵志昊 褚艳玲 ZHENG Jianfeng;XIAO Yiing;ZHAO Zhihao;CHU Yaning(College of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学,交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2024年第3期83-93,共11页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72371046,72031005)。

摘　　要：集装箱舱位的服务方式主要分为两类,即通过舱位分配服务货主和通过舱位租赁服务班轮公司。为提高集装箱舱位利用率的同时增加班轮公司收益,本文研究集装箱舱位分配与舱位租赁的感知价格,提出两阶段优化方法,第1阶段,研究船队部署和舱位分配问题,以班轮公司的总收益最大化为目标构建混合整数线性规划模型;第2阶段,在第1阶段模型结果的基础上,采用逆优化技术求解舱位租赁的感知价格。最后,以包含11条航线和46个港口的亚欧大洋洲集装箱运输网络进行算例分析和灵敏度分析。结果表明:各航线上的船队部署结果对集装箱运输需求量的变化比较敏感,对集装箱市场运价小幅度波动不太敏感;舱位租赁感知价格对集装箱运输需求量的变化和集装箱市场运价波动均敏感;班轮公司应时刻关注集装箱市场动态,以制定合理的船队部署、舱位分配和舱位租赁策略。Container slot services mainly include:(i)serving cargo owners through slot allocation;and(ii)serving liner shipping companies through slot chartering.In order to increase the revenue of liner shipping companies while improving container slot utilization,this paper studies container slot allocation and perceived slot chartering price,by proposing a two-stage optimization method.In the first stage,the fleet deployment and slot allocation problem is studied,and a mixed integer linear programming model is constructed with the objective of maximizing the total revenue of the liner shipping company.In the second stage,the inverse optimization technique is used to determine the perceived slot chartering price,based on the solution of the first stage model.Finally,numerical experiments and sensitivity analysis are carried out based on the Asia-Europe-Oceania container transportation network,which contains 11 ship routes and 46 ports.The results show that the fleet deployment results are sensitive to the changes in container demands,while not sensitive to small fluctuations of container market freight rates.Perceived slot chartering prices are sensitive to both the changes in container demands and container market freight rate fluctuations.Liner shipping companies should always be aware of the container market dynamics,in order to determine suitable strategies for fleet deployment,slot allocation,and slot chartering.

关 键 词：水路运输 感知价格 逆优化 舱位租赁 舱位分配 

分 类 号：U695.2[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]