20CrMnTi薄壁齿轮渗碳淬火过程有限元模拟与调控  

Finite Element Simulation and Control of Carburizing and Quenching Process of 20CrMnTi Thin-walled Gears

作　　者：姜辉 陈文革[1] 陈茂进 JIANG Hui;CHEN Wenge;CHEN Maojin(chool of Mate rials Sc ience and Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;Taizhou Jinxin Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Taizhou 225300,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]泰州进鑫机械有限公司,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第6期41-47,共7页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：西安市科技项目(2020KJRC089)。

摘　　要：对实际工况下20CrMnTi薄壁齿轮渗碳淬火过程利用有限元分析软件Deform进行模拟。结果表明,薄壁齿轮渗碳淬火后,渗碳层厚度为1.2 mm,淬火组织主要由马氏体和残余奥氏体组成,表面的残余奥氏体较心部的多4.2%,由于温度场的不均以及组织应力导致其径向产生9%的变形。齿轮表面和心部的残余应力分别为-256.5MPa和141 MPa。实际测得显示薄壁齿轮渗碳层厚度为1.15 mm,淬火后齿轮表面组织由针状马氏体+7%残余奥氏体+颗粒状碳化物组成,心部组织由低碳马氏体+1%残余奥氏体组成,齿轮表面残余应力为(-1078±168.2)MPa,径向最大变形量约7%,与模拟结果对应较好。为此针对薄壁齿轮热处理过程中因热应力与组织应力综合作用下内应力过大造成的变形,使其在不同部位同时冷却或采取径向约束的措施。The carburizing and quenching process of 20CrMnTi thin-walled gears used in actual working conditions was simulated by finite element software Deform.The results show that after carburizing and quenching of thin-walled gears,the thickness of the carburized layer is 1.2 mm,and the quenching structure is mainly composed of martensite and retained austenite,and the retained austenite on the surface is 4.2%more than that of the core.The non-uniform temperature field and the structural stress lead to 9%deformation in the radial direction.The residual stresses on the surface and core of the gear are calculated to be-256.5 MPa and 141 MPa,respectively.The actual measurement results show that the thickness of the carburized layer of the thin-walled gear is 1.15 mm,the surface structure of the gear after quenching is composed of acicular martensite and 7%retained austenite and granular carbide,and the core structure is composed of low carbon martensite and1%retained austenite,the residual stress on the gear surface is(-1078±168.2)MPa,and the maximum radial deformation is about 7%,which corresponds well to the simulation results.In order to solve the deformation caused by excessive internal stress under the comprehensive action of thermal stress and microstructure stress in the heat treatment process of thin-walled gear,cooling in different parts at the same time or radial restraint measures are adopted.

关 键 词：薄壁齿轮 热处理 有限元模拟 变形 调控措施 

分 类 号：TG162.73[金属学及工艺—热处理]