从“奸民之私垦”到“良民之永业”:明中后期宁绍地区的赋役改革、地方财政与湖田占垦  

Illegal Cultivation and Permanent Estates:Tax Reform,Local Finance,and Lake Reclamation in Ningshao Region in Late Ming

作　　者：罗晓翔 LUO Xiaoxiang

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院,210023

出　　处：《史林》2024年第2期140-150,218,219,共13页Historical Review

摘　　要：对于明清浙东“库域型”水利社会的内部矛盾与湖田化问题,既有研究多从地方治理、水利组织、水利秩序等角度进行讨论,但对湖田“入册升科”的过程却关注不多。明初则壤而赋,田地山荡各有原额。嘉靖后赋役改革逐步推进,大量私垦湖田伴随着土地清丈与税制重建而入册升科。在倭乱与辽东战事压力下,召佃湖田成为缓解地方财政紧张的有效手段。赋役改革、地方财政与湖田占垦之关系,展现出制度、行政与水利秩序之间复杂的互构机制。The present paper,reviewing the past scholarship that discusses the internal contradictions and lake recla-mation of eastern Zhejiang's hydraulic society while paying lttle attention to the relationship between tax-payment and property rights,attempts to illuminate the complicated interrelationship between tax reform,local finance and lake reclamation since the Jiajing reign(1522—1566)with a view to revealing the interdependent mechanism involving institution,local administration,and hydraulic order.

关 键 词：明代 浙东 “库域型”水利社会 赋役改革 湖田化 

分 类 号：K248.3[历史地理—历史学]