超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的工业化制备和构效关系综述  

A Review on Industrial Preparation and Structure-Property Relationships of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber

作　　者：徐建军 XU Jian-jun(Beijing KMT Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100094,China;School of Materials and Chemistry,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京康美特科技股份有限公司,北京100094 [2]上海理工大学材料与化学学院,上海200093

出　　处：《高分子通报》2024年第6期776-791,共16页Polymer Bulletin

摘　　要：聚乙烯是具有最简单结构的柔性碳氢高分子。商品化超高分子量聚乙烯(ultra high molecular weight polyethylene,UHMWPE)纤维的拉伸强度可达3.6GPa以上,是目前世界上比强度最高的商品化纤维,略高于商品化的碳纤维T1000。在这篇综述中,我们从UHMWPE纤维的溶液冻胶纺丝法开始,介绍了制备高强UHMWPE纤维的原理、不同纺丝生产技术和国内UHMWPE纤维的发展,并详细讨论了影响UHMWPE纤维力学性能的主要因素和结构-性能关系,介绍了研究UHMWPE纤维微观结构的常用方法、以及从纤维的优异性能衍生出的一些典型应用,以期对UHMWPE和其他新材料的进一步研究有所启示。Polyethylene is a kind of flexible hydrocarbon macromolecules with the simplest molecular structure.The commercial ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber has a tensile strength greater than 3.6 GPa,which makes it the strongest commercial fiber in the world when measured in specific strength,the value of which even exceeds that of the commercial carbon fiber T1000.In this review,we started with invention of the UHMWPE fiber,illustrated the principle underneath its gel-spinning production process,and then summarized the progress beyond its gel spinning and the historic development in China in this field.We discussed in detail on major factors that may influence mechanical properties of the UHMWPE fiber,its structure-property relationships,representative techniques for investigating its crystalline morphology,as well as some typical applications derived from its excellent properties.We end up with further attention points on exploring the UHMWPE-based new materials,hoping that this review could benefit further studies on this topic and other similar high-performance materials.

关 键 词：超高分子量聚乙烯纤维 冻胶纺丝 微观结构 伸直链晶体 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.61[化学工程—化纤工业]