草原健康、退化与恢复一体化评估:概念与方法  

All-in-one assessment of grassland health,degradation,and restoration:The concepts and methods

作　　者：黄麟[1] 樊江文[1] 杨智 王冠聪 李愈哲[1] 张海燕[1] 张雅娴 石俊华 王穗子 Lin Huang;Jiangwen Fan;Zhi Yang;Guancong Wang;Yuzhe Li;Haiyan Zhang;Yaxian Zhang;Junhua Shi;Suizi Wang(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Grassland Management Department,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100714,China;College of Grassland Resources,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Academy of Forestry and Grassland Inventory and Planning,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100714,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]国家林业和草原局草原管理司,北京100714 [3]西南民族大学草地资源学院,成都610041 [4]国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京100714

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第15期2015-2024,共10页Chinese Science Bulletin

摘　　要：草原是我国面积最大的陆地生态系统,具有重要的水库、钱库、粮库、碳库功能,在生物多样性保护、气候和水的调节以及全球生物地球化学循环中发挥着关键作用,为人类提供了广泛的物质和非物质利益,特别是食物生产、水供应和调节、碳储存和气候减缓、授粉和文化服务[1~3].Healthy grasslands provide an optimum range of material and non-material benefits to human beings.However,when grasslands are degraded,their ability to provide benefits to humans can be undermined by multiple declines in biodiversity,ecological functions and services.As an international and domestic problem that has not yet been thoroughly solved,although many scholars have proposed theories,methods and standards of grassland health and degradation,most researches endeavors largely fall short in explicating the nuanced relationship between the health and degradation of grasslands.The relevant criteria are controversial,and lack systematic and comprehensive understanding.They are still at the stage of superficially describing and characterizing governance.It is therefore imperative to explore the complex relationship between health status and the processes of degradation and restoration.Furthermore,the health,degradation and restoration of grasslands are all hot issues that are of concern to both academia and management communities.Disparities in the conceptualization of their definitions have resulted in a lack of consistent understanding of relevant assessment theories and methods.Diverse assessment methods,indicators and approaches have been adopted to quantify the health status and degradation degree of grasslands,resulting in the promulgation of various national,industrial and local standards.The outcomes in determining the health,degradation or restoration of grasslands manifest variances,making it difficult to provide scientific guidance for the management,conservation and restoration of grasslands.This paper clarifies the relationships between grassland health,degradation and restoration.Grassland degradation and restoration are the processes by which grassland health changes.Based on this understanding,we propose a technical framework for the integrated assessment of grassland health,degradation and restoration.The framework allows not only to monitor the health of grasslands according to actual needs,but

关 键 词：碳储存 生物地球化学循环 生物多样性保护 一体化 陆地生态系统 草原 关键作用 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]