早寒武纪清江丝菌牵出硫酸盐还原菌与地球环境协同演化历史  

The Cambrian microfossil Qingjiangonema reveals the co-evolution of sulfate-reducing bacteria and the oxygenation of Earth’s surface

作　　者：崔琳浩 朱珂磊 李瑞云 常超 吴来源 刘伟 傅东静 刘沛余 邱浩 唐国强 李秋立 Robert R.Gaines 陶昕 王寅 李金华 张兴亮 Linhao Cui;Kelei Zhu;Ruiyun Li;Chao Chang;Laiyuan Wu;Wei Liu;Dongjing Fu;Peiyu Liu;Hao Qiu;Guoqiang Tang;Qiuli Li;Robert R.Gaines;Yuxin Tao;Yinzhao Wang;Jinhua Li;Xingliang Zhang(State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environments,Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China;Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Geology,Pomona College,Claremont CA 91711,USA;State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environments,Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China [2]Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China [4]Department of Geology,Pomona College,Claremont CA 91711,USA [5]State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2024年第10期1486-1494,共9页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41890843,41890845,41930319,42242201,and 42272354);the Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(the 111 Project,D17013);the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2022JC-DW5-01);the National Science Foundation of USA(EAR-1554897).

摘　　要：Sulfate reduction is an essential metabolism that maintains biogeochemical cycles in marine and terrestrial ecosystems.Sulfate reducers are exclusively prokaryotic,phylogenetically diverse,and may have evolved early in Earth’s history.However,their origin is elusive and unequivocal fossils are lacking.Here we report a new microfossil,Qingjiangonema cambria,from518-million-year-old black shales that yield the Qingjiang biota.Qingjiangonema is a long filamentous form comprising hundreds of cells filled by equimorphic and equidimensional pyrite microcrystals with a light sulfur isotope composition.Multiple lines of evidence indicate Qingjiangonema was a sulfate-reducing bacterium that exhibits similar patterns of cell organization to filamentous forms within the phylum Desulfobacterota,including the sulfate-reducing Desulfonema and sulfide-oxidizing cable bacteria.Phylogenomic analyses confirm separate,independent origins of multicellularity in Desulfonema and in cable bacteria.Molecular clock analyses infer that the Desulfobacterota,which encompass a majority of sulfate-reducing taxa,diverged~2.41 billion years ago during the Paleoproterozoic Great Oxygenation Event,while cable bacteria diverged~0.56 billion years ago during or immediately after the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event.Taken together,we interpret Qingjiangonema as a multicellular sulfate-reducing microfossil and propose that cable bacteria evolved from a multicellular filamentous sulfate-reducing ancestor.We infer that the diversification of the Desulfobacterota and the origin of cable bacteria may have been responses to oxygenation events in Earth’s history.

关 键 词：CAMBRIAN Qingjiangonema Sulfate-reducing bacteria Cable bacteria Qingjiang biota Black shale 

分 类 号：P5[天文地球—地质学]