揭示鱼鳞降低冰黏附力的奥秘  

Unravelling the mystery of fish scales in lowering ice adhesion

作　　者：王锋 刘思琪 肖森波 Bjørn Skallerud 张志良 何健英 Feng Wang;Siqi Liu;Senbo Xiao;Bjørn Skallerud;Zhiliang Zhang;Jianying He(Department of Structural Engineering,Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU),Trondheim 7491,Norway;Suzhou Laboratory,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]Department of Structural Engineering,Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU),Trondheim 7491,Norway [2]Suzhou Laboratory,Suzhou 215000,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2024年第6期2016-2022,共7页中国科学（材料科学）（英文版）

基　　金：support of the NANO2021 Project Dual-Functional Anti-Gas Hydrate Surfaces (DAndra,302348);the FRIPRO Project towards the Design of Super-Low Ice Adhesion Surfaces (SLICE,250990);the Norwegian Micro-and Nano-Fabrication Facility,Nor Fab (295864)。

摘　　要：近几十年来,大量的研究文献表明,研究人员一直在探究静态表面特性(包括自由能、韧性和弹性)对疏冰性的影响.然而,对于动态表面特性在辅助除冰方面的理解非常有限.在本工作中,我们重点研究了北三文鱼表皮的冰黏附强度,并且观察到了有趣的各向异性的冰黏附行为.与顺着鱼鳞生长方向的冰黏附强度(353±95 kPa)相比,逆着鱼鳞生长方向的冰黏附强度(141±47 kPa)降低了60%.我们发现,鱼鳞在受到剪切力的过程中,会发生独特的结构演变,从而导致界面连续断裂,有利于降低冰的黏附性.研究发现,鱼鳞的张开和剥离能力(描述了鳞片在外力下与其下部鳞片和黏结物分离的趋势)可以调控冰的脱落.通过提高鱼鳞的张开和剥离能力,可以在鱼鳞上实现更低的冰黏附强度(66±15 kPa)和更为容易的除冰过程.由于鱼鳞具有出色的机械鲁棒性,这一发现为设计坚硬耐用的防覆冰表面提供了新的视角.The influence of static surface properties,such as free energy,toughness,and elasticity,on icephobicity has been extensively studied and documented in existing litera-ture.However,there remains limited understanding of the role played by surface dynamic characteristics in facilitating ice removal.This study investigates the ice adhesion strength of authentic Arctic salmon(Salmon salar)skin,revealing in-triguing anisotropic ice adhesion behavior.Results indicate a significant decrease in ice adhesion strength(141±47 kPa)when sheared against the growth orientation of fish scales compared with shearing along this orientation(353±95 kPa).The distinctive structural evolution of fish scales during shearing can lead to a sequential rupture process,thereby di-minishing ice adhesion.Additionally,the study highlights the significance of the opening and peeling capacity of fish scales in controlling ice detachment,defined as the ability of unit scales to separate from their underlying structures and ad-hesives under applied force.Enhancing this capacity could further reduce ice adhesion strength(66±15 kPa),facilitating effortless ice detachment on fish scales.The mechanical ro-bustness of fish scales offers new possibilities for designing hard and durable anti-icing surfaces.

关 键 词：fish scale ice adhesion dynamic behaviors sequential rupture ANTI-ICING 

分 类 号：TB30[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]