喜马拉雅紫茉莉野生居群叶和花表型变异研究  

Phenotype variation in leaves and flowers of Mirabilis himalaica from wild populations

作　　者：汪书丽[1,2,3,5,6] 肖建华 罗建[1,2,3] 吉哈利 WANG Shuli;XIAO Jianhua;LUO Jian;JI Hali(Research Institute of Xizang Plateau Ecology,Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000,China;National Station of Field Scientific Observation&Experiment of Alpine Forest Ecosystem in Linzhi Xizang,Linzhi 860000,China;Xizang Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Plateau Area,Ministry of Education,Linzhi 860000,China;College of Food Science,Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000,China;Centre for Integrative Conservation,Plant Phylogenetics and Conservation Biology Laboratory,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650223,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,西藏林芝860000 [3]西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室,西藏林芝860000 [4]西藏农牧学院食品科学学院,西藏林芝860000 [5]中国科学院,西双版纳热带植物园、植物系统发育与保护生物学实验室,综合保护中心,云南昆明650223 [6]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中草药》2024年第10期3469-3476,共8页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460075);西藏特色农牧资源研发协同创新中心。

摘　　要：目的对喜马拉雅紫茉莉不同居群进行形态学研究,揭示其表型变异特征,为其种质收集、利用和保护、品种选育等提供依据,并探讨其种下分类问题。方法采用野外调查取样,对28个野生居群叶、花的18个性状进行测量和统计分析。结果18个性状的变异系数在12.06%~51.01%,花梗长变异最大,雄蕊数目变异最小。各性状在不同居群间、不同省区间差异均极显著;主成分分析显示,叶长宽比、叶形、花梗长、叶长、总苞裂片宽、叶柄长、花梗及总苞腺毛黏性7个性状是造成居群间表型差异的主要因素;相关性分析表明,喜马拉雅紫茉莉多个性状之间存在显著的相关性。经度和海拔对性状的影响较大;聚类结果显示,28个居群可分为3个类群,聚类结果与各居群的地域分布和地理距离并无关联。结论喜马拉雅紫茉莉在叶和花的形态上具有丰富的表型变异,种质资源的保存要依据变异规律进行广泛的采样。目前用于喜马拉雅紫茉莉种下等级分类鉴定的性状并不可靠。Objective In order to provide the basis for germplasm resources collecting,utilization and protection,and breeding of Mirabilis himalaica,and to discuss the problem of subspecies classification,morphological study on different populations from China was conducted to reveal its phenotype variation traits.Methods Using field survey sampling,a total of 18 traits of leaves and flowers in M.himalaica from 28 wild populations were measured and analyzed.Results The variation coefficients of 18 traits changed between 12.06%—51.01%,with the pedicel length having the highest value and the stamen number having the lowest value.Differences in all the traits among different populations and provinces were highly significant.The principal component analysis indicated that seven traits including leaf length/leaf width,leaf shape,pedicel length,leaf length,involucre lobe width,petiole length,viscidity of glandular hairs on pedicel and involucre were the main factors leading to the phenotype variation among populations.The correlation analysis showed that the correlations between multiple traits were significant in M.himalaica.Longitude and altitude influenced more traits obviously.A total of 28 populations were divided into three groups through clustering analysis,which had no relations with their locations distribution and geographic distances of each population.Conclusion The phenotype variation of M.himalaica is abundant in leaves and flowers,sampling for its germplasm conservation should be as extensive as possible basing on the variation pattern.We infer the traits used for subspecific classification and identification of M.himalaica are unreliable.

关 键 词：喜马拉雅紫茉莉 不同居群 表型变异 主成分分析 相关性分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：R286.12[医药卫生—中药学]