流速对卵形鲳鲹游泳行为及运动生理的影响  

Effect of flow velocity on swimming behavior and exercise physiology of Trachinotus ovatus

作　　者：张静[1,2] 胡长圣 刘前 戴佳玥 王学锋 汤保贵[1,2] ZHANG Jing;HU Changsheng;LIU Qian;DAI Jiayue;WANG Xuefeng;TANG Baogui(Fishery College,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东省水产经济动物病原生物学及流行病学重点实验室,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第4期381-390,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFD2401203);水产动物种质资源开发利用与健康评价创新团队项目(2022KCXTD013);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)项目(ZJW-2019-06)。

摘　　要：卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)是发展深远海养殖的重要可选品种之一。为了初步了解其游泳能力及其应对流速改变的生理生化调节机制,在(26.99±0.70)℃的条件下,采用泳道呼吸仪,选取了小[体长(4.06±0.43)cm,体重(2.61±0.79)g]、大[体长(11.06±0.70)cm,体重(56.09±9.99)g]两种规格的卵形鲳鲹进行游泳能力测试实验,分别测定了其游泳行为、呼吸代谢、生理生化指标。结果表明:实验测得小、大规格卵形鲳鲹的感应流速分别为(3.90±0.64)和(0.96±0.13)BL/s;临界游泳速度分别为(91.83±10.97)和(99.78±12.66)cm/s,暴发游泳速度分别为112.20cm/s和114.25 cm/s,两种规格卵形鲳鲹的暴发能力相当。两种规格卵形鲳鲹的摆尾频率与流速均呈显著线性正相关关系。静止耗氧率分别为(899±111)mg/(kg·h)和(525±95)mg/(kg·h),均高于20%、40%和60%Ucrit流速组的运动耗氧率;最小COT均出现在60%Ucrit流速组;肌肉、肝脏和血液中乳酸含量的最低值也出现在60%Ucrit流速组。推荐卵形鲳鲹鱼苗深水网箱养殖的适应流速控制在1.0 BL/s以内;养殖流速不宜超过100 cm/s;最佳流速在54~60 cm/s。Trachinotus ovatus is one of the important species considered for deep-sea aquaculture due to its unique characteristics and significant contribution to marine fish aquaculture in China.Currently,deep-water net cage aquaculture of Trachinotus ovatus typically occurs in nearshore waters(<20 m depth),often in bays or areas with island and reef cover,offering favorable aquaculture environmental conditions.However,transitioning to deep-sea aquaculture entails moving into deeper,more exposed waters where environmental factors such as flow velocity,wind,and waves can significantly impact fish farming and equipment.Fish are confined to specific aquaculture spaces and must constantly contend with tidal forces;excessive ocean currents can be detrimental,even leading to fish mortality.Therefore,understanding fish swimming ability and environmental adaptability is crucial when selecting species for deep-sea aquaculture.This study focused on Trachinotus ovatus,using a lane breathing apparatus to study its swimming ability under different flow velocities [at a temperature of(26.99±0.70) ℃].Small [body length:(4.06±0.43) cm,weight:(2.61± 0.79) g] and large [body length:(11.06±0.70) cm,weight:(56.09±9.99) g] sizes of Trachinotus ovatus were selected for the experiment,and their swimming behavior,respiratory metabolism,and physiological and biochemical indicators were measured.The study aimed to understand Trachinotus ovatus' swimming ability,behavior,and exercise physiology,as well as to reveal its physiological and biochemical responses to changes in flow velocity,providing a technical reference for deep-sea net cage aquaculture of Trachinotus ovatus.The results showed that the induced velocities of small and large-sized Trachinotus ovatus were(3.90±0.64) and(0.96±0.13) BL/s,respectively.The critical swimming speeds were(91.83±10.97) and(99.78±12.66) cm/s,respectively,and the burst swimming speeds were about 112.20 and 114.25 cm/s.There was a significant linear positive correlation between tail wagging frequency and

关 键 词：卵形鲳鲹 游泳行为 流速 耗氧率 运动生理 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]