碳质材料在镁基储氢材料中的应用  

Application of Carbon Materials in Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials

作　　者：孙静 陈硕 吴震[2] 宋占龙 王文龙 Sun Jing;Chen Shuo;Wu Zhen;Song Zhanlong;Wang Wenlong(National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion,Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education,Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization,School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学能源与动力工程学院,燃煤污染物减排国家工程实验室,环境热工技术教育部工程研究中心,山东省能源碳减排技术与资源化利用重点实验室,山东济南250061 [2]西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《稀有金属》2024年第4期539-551,共13页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52176203);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MEE035)资助。

摘　　要：碳质材料因具有诸多优异的物理化学性质,在储氢研究领域受到广泛关注。综述了碳材料(石墨、石墨烯、碳纳米管)在镁基储氢材料中的应用现状与研究进展,讨论碳材料负载不同催化剂(活性金属、金属间化合物、过渡金属等)对镁基储氢材料性能(储氢容量、吸放氢动力学、反应活化能、循环稳定性等)的影响。在研究碳材料的催化机制时发现,碳材料在镁基储氢材料中不仅起到催化、助催化的作用,还能抑制晶粒团聚和生长。将碳材料应用于镁基金属氢化物时,两者的协同效应能使储氢体系表现出高活性;当碳材料负载催化剂时,还起到良好的分散剂的作用,有利于MgH2表面催化剂均匀分散,使储氢体系表现出高循环稳定性。可为储氢领域高性能材料的构建提供一种新的思路。Hydrogen energy,as the clean energy with the most development potential in the 21st century,has been extensively used in transportation,power generation,fuel cells,and other fields because of its significant advantages such as zero-carbon emission,high efficiency,high calorific value,non-toxic and pollution-free.The process of hydrogen energy utilization mainly includes four links,namely hydrogen generation,storage,transportation,and application,among which,hydrogen storage technology is considered the key factor limiting the large-scale commercial application of hydrogen energy due to the low hydrogen storage density,high energy loss,and high material requirements for high-pressure containers,and thereby has aroused extensive research all over the world.Magnesium is regarded as a very promising material for hydrogen storage because of its high capacity(7.6%H_(2))and abundant resources.However,high working temperatures(573~673 K)and sluggish hydrogen absorption and desorption rate limit its practical application.To address this issue,carbon materials including graphite,graphene,and carbon nanotube,have been widely incorporated into Mg-based hydrogen storage materials due to the advantages,such as high reducibility,stable structure under high-temperature conditions,the porous and high specific surface areas(which provide significant superiorities for catalysis when being prepared in different physical forms to support nanoparticles),and the synergy effect when carbon material interacts with the supported functional groups or metals.Therefore,the application status and research progress of carbon materials(graphite,graphene,carbon nanotubes)in magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials were reviewed in this work.The effects of carbon materials on hydrogen storage properties(hydrogen storage capacity,hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics,reaction activation energy,cycle stability,etc.)were comprehensively discussed with catalytic mechanism analyzed when loaded with different catalysts(such as active metals,intermet

关 键 词：碳材料 镁基储氢材料 MgH_(2) 动力学性能 催化 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]