排名式治理:治理术视角下排名工具的源流与变迁  

Ranking as Governmentality:The Origin and Evolution of a Technique in Modern China

作　　者：毛庆铎 MAO Qingduo(School of International Affairs and Public Administration,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Smart State Governace Lab,Shandong University,Gingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院,山东青岛266100 [2]山东大学智慧国家治理实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《岳麓公共治理》2024年第2期9-18,共10页YUELU PUBLIC GOVERNANCE

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目:数字智能嵌入政府治理的流程再造与效能提升研究(23CZZ038)。

摘　　要：“排名式治理”是一种重要的治理技术,在中国国家治理现代化实践的所有关键领域和重要时刻都有出现,并随应用领域和时代背景不断演变。利用福柯的“治理术”概念,梳理排名工具的实践源流并厘清其变迁路径,可以提供一条理解中国国家治理的新思路。当代中国排名式治理既有本土源流,也受全球新公共管理潮流影响,在中国当代公共管理实践中形成了一条独特路径。总结其变迁路径可以发现,排名式治理的变迁呈现“从权力技术到知识规训”“从静止权力到全景敞视”和“从简化信息到‘复合生产’”三方面特征。排名式治理是一种不尽完美却深植于中国制度与文化中的治理术,未来它将不断升级并继续发挥作用。Ranking is an important governance technique that has emerged in key areas and crucial moments of China’s modernization,evolving continuously with application domains and historical contexts.By employing Foucault’s Theory of Governmentality,elucidating the practical origins and clarifying the evolutionary path of ranking tools can offer a new perspective for understanding politics and policies of China.Ranking in contemporary China is influenced by both its local origins and the global trend of new public management.Ultimately,this development,along with the broader practices of public administration in China,results from the convergence of the two influences.This developmental trend,reflected in ranking practices,manifests in three key transformations:from power techniques to knowledge disciplines,from static power to panopticon,and from information simplifying to production incorporating.Ranking is an imperfect yet deeply rooted governance method in China’s institution and culture.In future,it will keep evolving and playing a role.

关 键 词：排名 治理术 晋升锦标赛 谱系学 

分 类 号：D621.6[政治法律—政治学]