粉煤灰磁珠对环氧树脂聚合物阻燃性能的影响  

Influence of coal fly ash magnetic spheres on flame retardant properties of epoxy resin polymer

作　　者：王壮 张晓民[1] 王亚超[1] 刘佳倩 王小希 WANG Zhuang;ZHANG Xiaomin;WANG Yachao;LIU Jiaqian;WANG Xiaoxi(College of Resource and Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710055,China;Jewelry College,Shaanxi Institute of International Trade&Commerce,Xianyang Shaanxi 711200,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西国际商贸学院珠宝学院,陕西咸阳711200

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第6期118-125,共8页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：咸阳市科技局重点研发项目(2021ZDYF-GY-0034)。

摘　　要：为了实现粉煤灰固体废弃物的资源化利用,从粉煤灰中分选出元素含量不同的磁珠(MSs),探究MSs添加量和MSs中Fe元素含量对环氧树脂(epoxy resin,EP)阻燃性能的影响。采用锥形量热仪(CC)、热重分析(TG)等测试手段对MSs/EP复合材料的阻燃性能进行测试。研究结果表明:随着粒径减小,磁珠中的Fe元素含量从55.73%升高至64.83%。当MSs添加量分别为2 wt%,4 wt%,6 wt%,8 wt%和10 wt%时,复合材料的耐火性能先升高后下降;当MSs中Fe元素含量分别为55.73%,57.06%,60.35%和64.83%时,复合材料的耐火性能单调升高。与纯EP相比,当MSs添加量为6 wt%,Fe元素含量为64.83%时,MSs/EP复合材料的热释放速率峰值p-HRR降低39.6%,总热释放量THR降低30.7%,火灾性能指数FPI提高53.73%,阻燃指数FRI从1提高至3.118,火灾增长指数FGI降低51.96%,残炭率提高47.5%。MSs/EP良好的阻燃性能主要归因于MSs能够催化EP形成连续稳定的炭层,从而隔绝热量和氧气,降低复合材料的燃烧强度。研究结果可提高粉煤灰磁珠的高附加值利用,同时为低成本阻燃聚合物提供参考。In order to achieve the resource utilization of coal fly ash solid waste,the magnetic spheres(MSs)with different elemental contents were sorted out from coal fly ash,and the influence of MSs additive amount and Fe elemental content in MSs on the flame retardant properties of epoxy resin(EP)was investigated.The flame retardant properties of MSs/EP composites were tested by the cone calorimeter(CC)and thermogravimetric analysis(TG).The results show that the Fe elemental content in the magnetic spheres increases from 55.73%to 64.83%as the particle size decreases.The fire resistance of the composites increases first and then decreases when the additive amount of MSs is 2 wt%,4 wt%,6 wt%,8 wt%and 10 wt%,respectively,and monotonically increases when the Fe elemental content in MSs is 55.73%,57.06%,60.35%and 64.83%,respectively.Compared with pure EP,when the additive amount of MSs is 6 wt%and the Fe elemental content is 64.83%,the peak heat release rate(p-HRR)of MSs/EP composites decreases by 39.64%,the total heat release(THR)decreases by 30.7%,the fire performance index(FPI)increases by 53.73%,the flame retardant index(FRI)increases from 1 to 3.118,the fire growth index(FGI)decreases by 51.96%,and the carbon residue rate increases by 48.3%.The excellent flame retardant properties of MSs/EP are mainly attributed to the ability of MSs to catalyze the formation of a continuous and stable carbon layer of EP,which insulates heat and oxygen and reduces the burning intensity of the composites.The research results can improve the high value-added utilization of coal fly ash magnetic spheres and provide a reference for the low-cost flame retardant polymers.

关 键 词：粉煤灰磁珠 环氧树脂 阻燃 添加量 Fe元素含量 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]