信息受限情况下多出口应急疏散仿真分析  

Simulation analysis of multi-exit emergency evacuation under limited information

作　　者：李昆 段新龙 郑强 LI Kun;DUAN Xinlong;ZHENG Qiang(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津300401

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第6期212-218,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市高校共建基金项目(280000-104)。

摘　　要：为了研究多出口房间疏散过程中行人信息掌握程度异质化及行人间存在利他互助行为时系统疏散动力学的演化,提出考虑行人帮助行为的改进社会力模型,基于不同的疏散信息掌握程度,构建有/无帮助行为的出口选择策略。研究结果表明:群体密度较低且存在帮助行为时,信息掌握程度越高疏散效率越高;群体密度较高时结论相反,信息掌握程度较低时,帮助行为能有效削弱“快即是慢”效应;信息掌握程度较高时,帮助行为则可能抑制疏散效率。研究结果不仅在理论上深化了对多出口房间疏散动力学的理解,而且在实际场景中对提高疏散效率和安全性具有重要借鉴意义。In order to study the evolution of system evacuation dynamics in the process of multi-exit room evacuation when the degree of pedestrian information mastery was heterogeneous and there was altruistic mutual assistance behavior between pedestrian,an improved social force model considering the pedestrian assistance behavior was proposed.Based on different degrees of evacuation information mastery,the exit selection strategies with/without assistance behavior were constructed.The results show that when the crowd density is low and the assistance behavior exists,the higher the degrees of information mastery,the higher the evacuation efficiency,whereas the opposite conclusion is drawn when the crowd density is high.When the degree of information mastery is low,the assistance behavior can effectively mitigate the“faster is slower”effect.However,when the degree of information mastery is high,the assistance behavior may potentially inhibit the evacuation efficiency.The research results not only deepen the understanding on the evacuation dynamics of multi-exit rooms in theory,but also have important reference significance for improving the evacuation efficiency and safety in practical scenarios.

关 键 词：应急疏散 帮助行为 改进社会力模型 陌生多出口环境 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]