民事枉法裁判罪认定难点刍议  

A Preliminary Analysis on the Difficulties of Determining the Offence of Bending the Law in the Trial of Civil Cases

作　　者：刘晶[1,2] 乔青 章秦 LIU Jing;QIAO Qing;ZHANG Qin(Shanghai People's Procuratorate,Shanghai 200031;Shanghai Qingpu District People's Procuratorate,Shanghai 201700)

机构地区：[1]上海市人民检察院 [2]中国政法大学 [3]上海市青浦区人民检察院第三检察部 [4]上海交通大学

出　　处：《犯罪研究》2024年第2期106-112,共7页Chinese Criminology Review

摘　　要：民事枉法裁判行为严重损害司法权威和司法公信力,伤害人民群众对司法公平正义的信任,是刑法严厉打击的对象。实务中在具体认定时需要解决三个方面的问题,一是本罪的主体包括未直接参与民事案件审理但对枉法结果的发生起到决定性作用的实质裁判者;二是判断行为人违背事实和法律作出枉法裁判的主观内容,可以从客观行为、裁判结果、认知水平三个维度进行考察综合判定;三是民事枉法裁判的发生往往始于“徇私情、徇私利”的主观动机,遵循这一引线考察行为人是否存在徇私情节—故意违背事实和法律—作出枉法裁判的行为逻辑,可以有效排除行为人关于自由裁量权的辩解,准确认定相关犯罪。The act of bending the law in the trial of civil cases,which is punished severely by the criminal law,not only seriously damages the judicial authority and credibility,but hurts people's trust in judicial fairness and justice.In practice,the following three issues should be clarified to determine this offence:Firstly,the subject of this crime should include the substantive judge who does not directly participate in the trial of civil cases but plays a decisive role in the result of bending the law.Secondly,we should determine the subjective state of the actor who violates the fact and law to make the law-bending judgment,which can be investigated from three dimensions,namely,behavior,result and cognitive level.Thirdly,the occurrence of the civil law-bending judgment often begins with the motive of"practicing favoritism for personal gains".The offence can be accurately determined by following the logic of"judging whether an actor practices favoritism-whether an actor deliberately disobeys the fact and law-whether an actor makes a law-bending judgment"which can effectively exclude the argument of discretionary power.

关 键 词：民事审判 司法工作人员 自由裁量 枉法裁判 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]