高质量发展中的银行资产负债管理:趋势特征与转型路径  

Bank Asset and Liability Management in High-quality Development Phase:Trend Characteristies and Transformation Paths

作　　者：刘方根[1] 陈颖钰 舒崴 刘颖[2] Liu Fang-gen;Chen Ying-yu;Shu Wei;Liu Ying

机构地区：[1]中国建设银行财务会计部 [2]中国建设银行天津市分行财务会计部

出　　处：《经济学家》2024年第6期45-54,共10页Economist

摘　　要：高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。作为现代金融体系的核心,银行高质量发展需顺应宏观形势变化,深刻把握金融工作的政治性、人民性,资产负债管理正逐步迈向全面动态前瞻的综合平衡管理阶段,主要特点是在资产负债组合管理基础上,平衡多重约束,兼顾多元价值,注重全面风险管理和资本管理,统筹表内外和集团一体化,实现服务经济社会发展大局和自身高质量发展的有机统一。具体路径上,资产端以服务实体经济为主线,与国家高质量发展同频共振,从大类资产配置、信贷结构、区域选择上聚焦优化;负债端以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要为出发点和落脚点,适应人口趋势和客户结构变化,提供场景化、价值型金融服务,提升核心负债的管理能力和服务质效;资本端注重轻资本转型,强化客户经营和联动统筹,开辟转型发展新路径。管理方式上,要适应综合化、以客户为中心、场景化经营模式,打造广义维度、客户维度、场景维度资产负债表,建立全方位、全链条、深层次资产负债管理模式。High-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country.As the core of the modern financial system,the high-quality development of banks needs to adapt to changes in the macro situation and deeply grasp the political and people-oriented nature of financial work.Asset and liability management is gradually moving towards a comprehen-sive,dynamic,forward-looking,integrated and balanced management stage.The main characteristics are that on the basis of portfolio management,it balances multiple constraints,takes into account multiple values,focuses on comprehensive risk man-agement and capital management,coordinates internal and external balance sheet and group integration,and achieves an organic unity of serving the overall economic and social development and its own high-quality development.On the specific path,the as-set side focuses on serving the real economy,resonates with the country's high-quality development,and focuses on optimization from the allocation of large categories of assets,credit structure,and regional selection;the liability side starts from meeting the people's growing needs for a better life,adapt to demographic trends and changes in customer structure,provide scenario-based,value-based financial services,and improve core liability management capabilities and service quality and efficiency;the capital side focuses on capital-light transformation,strengthens customer operations and joint planning,and opens up new opportunities for transformation and development path.In terms of management methods,it is necessary to adapt to the comprehensive,customer-centered,and scenario-based business model,create a broad-dimensional,customer-dimensional,and scenario-dimensional balance sheet,and establish an all-round,full-chain,and deep-level asset and liability management model.

关 键 词：高质量发展 银行资产负债管理 综合平衡 转型发展 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学]