吴谦《医宗金鉴·幼科杂病心法要诀》小儿惊风治法初探  

A Preliminary Exploration on the Treatment of Infantile Convulsion in Wu Qian's Golden Mirror of Medicine:Pediatric Miscellaneous Diseases'Essential Heart Method Rhymes

作　　者：姚灿 陈军涛 单海军[2] Yao Can;Chen Juntao;Shan Haijun(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Henan,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450046 [2]河南中医药大学第二附属医院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国中医急症》2024年第6期1090-1092,1096,共4页Journal of Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：全国名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教函[2022]75号);河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2022ZY1073)。

摘　　要：惊风为儿科四大证痧、痘、惊、疳之一,“心藏神,心病故主惊也;肝属木,肝病故主风也”。吴谦认为惊风多由于心肝有热,久用寒凉或是土虚木旺,其在《医宗金鉴·幼科杂病心法要诀》卷五十一中有具体论述:认为小儿急惊风多见心肝火旺、热极生风,治宜清肝热、镇肝风,但避免过用寒凉之药损伤脾胃。脾肾阳虚可致慢惊风、慢脾风;慢惊风治在温脾肾、培元气;慢脾风速在补脾土、回阳气。Convulsions in children are recognized as one of the four major pediatric syndromes:measles,sores,convulsions,and malnutrition."The heart houses the spirit,hence heart diseases primarily manifest as convulsions;the liver pertains to wood,thus liver diseases primarily manifest as wind".Wu Qian held that convulsions mostly arise from heat in the heart and liver,or from prolonged use of cold and cooling therapies leading to deficiency of spleen-earth and overdominance of wood.In volume 51 of his Golden Mirror of Medicine:Pediatric Miscellaneous Diseases'Essential Heart Method Rhymes,Wu provided detailed discussions,stating that acute convulsions in children typically involve excess fire in the heart and liver,with extreme heat generating wind.Treatment should focus on clearing liver heat and calming liver wind,but caution is advised against excessive use of cold medicines that might impair the spleen and stomach.Yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney can lead to chronic convulsions or chronic convulsive disorders of the spleen;management of these conditions centers on warming the spleen and kidney,nourishing the primordial qi in chronic convulsions,and promptly replenishing the spleen-earth and restoring yang qi in chronic convulsive disorders of the spleen.

关 键 词：急惊风 慢惊风 慢脾风 儿童 《医宗金鉴》 治法 

分 类 号：R272.3[医药卫生—中医儿科学]