外源有机物料性质对黑土农田土壤微生物碳组分的影响  

Effects of organic material properties on microbial carbon fractions in black soil farmland

作　　者：王子郡 黄菁华[1,2,4] 麦建军 胡斐南 赵世伟[1,2,3,4] WANG Zi-jun;HUANG Jing-hua;MAI Jian-jun;HU Fei-nan;ZHAO Shi-wei(The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]西北农林科技大学/黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2024年第5期980-995,共16页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28010201);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U2243225)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索在不同性质和用量的有机物料输入后黑土农田微生物碳组分的变化规律及其对土壤有机碳的贡献,明确东北黑土农田固碳的微生物过程,为黑土培肥和可持续发展提供理论支持。【方法】采用室内培养方法,供试黑土采自黑龙江省克山试验站的典型黑土农田,供试有机物料包括玉米秸秆(S)、生物炭(B)、水溶性有机肥(D),各有机物料均设3个施用量水平(低量、中量和高量),并以施化肥(F)和不施肥(CK)为对照,共计11个处理。在培养开始后的第5、15、30、60、105天分别采样,测定土壤有机碳(SOC)含量、微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量、细菌生物量(Ba)、真菌生物量(Fu)和微生物残体碳(MRC)含量。细菌与真菌生物量以其特征磷脂脂肪酸含量表征,微生物残体碳由不同土壤氨基糖含量表征的细菌与真菌残体量转换计算。【结果】与CK和F处理相比,3类有机物料输入均增加了土壤SOC、MBC和MRC含量,提升了MRC对SOC的贡献(MRC/SOC)。土壤MBC和MRC含量随秸秆和生物炭施用量的增加而提升,随水溶性有机肥施用量的增加而下降。在105天培养期内,所有处理MBC、MRC峰值均出现在培养第30、60天,3个有机物料分别以S3、B3和D1的提升效果最大。与CK相比,培养105天时S3、B3和D1处理的MBC分别提高了39.1%、8.2%和28.9%,真菌残体碳(FRC)含量分别提高了47.9%、43.5%和58.1%,S3和D1处理的细菌残体碳(BRC)含量分别提高了18.5%和16.5%。9个有机物料C/N和全氮(TN)含量与微生物碳组分的回归分析发现,有机物料C/N低于29.89、28.57时,分别与培养105天的MBC和BRC呈正相关关系,高于该阈值时呈负相关关系(P<0.05);有机物料TN含量低于0.18、0.11 g/kg时,分别与MBC和FRC呈正相关关系(P<0.05),超过该阈值时呈负相关关系(P<0.05),而BRC始终与有机物料TN含量呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。在9个有机物料处理中,MBC占SOC的比例为3.8%~9.4%,MRC占SOC的比例则【Objectives】We examined the dynamic changes of microbial carbon fractions,and their contribution to soil organic carbon in the black soil farmland after the input of different types and amounts of organic materials,aiming to deeply understand the carbon sequestration mechanism dominated by microbial.【Methods】Indoor incubation method was used for the research.The test black soil was from a typical black soil farmland in Keshan Experimental Station,Heilongjiang Province.And the test organic materials were corn stover(S),biochar(B),and dissolved organic fertilizer(D),with three application levels(low,medium and high)for each organic material.NPK fertilizer(F)and no fertilizer(CK)were used as the controls.Sampling was carried out at the 5,15,30,60 and 105 days of incubation for analysis of soil organic carbon content(SOC),microbial biomass carbon content(MBC),bacterial biomass(Ba),fungal biomass(Fu),and microbial residue carbon content(MRC).The biomass of both bacterial and fungal taxa was characterized by their characteristic phospholipid fatty acid content,and the microbial residual carbon was calculated by converting the amount of bacterial and fungal residues characterized by different soil amino sugar contents.【Results】Compared with the F and CK treatments,all three organic materials increased SOC,MBC,and MRC contents,and elevated the contribution of MRC to SOC(MRC/SOC).Increase of straw and biochar application rate elevated soil MBC and MRC contents,while the increase of dissolved organic fertilizers declined them.During the 105 days of incubation,all the organic treatments were recorded the peaks of MBC at 30 days,and MRC at 60 days;S3,B3 and D1 exhibited the highest promotion effects.MBC increased by 39.1%,8.2%and 28.9%and fungal residue carbon(FRC)content by 47.9%,43.5%and 58.1%in S3,B3 and D1 treatments,and bacterial residue carbon(BRC)content by 18.5%and 16.5%in S3 and D1 treatments,respectively,at 105 days of incubation as compared to CK treatment.Regression analysis of carbon to nitrogen rati

关 键 词：东北黑土 有机物料含氮量 有机物料碳氮比 土壤有机碳 微生物残体碳 微生物生物量碳 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]