不同育栽方式下早稻高产群体的生长及产量形成研究  

Growth and Yield Formation of High Yield Populations of Early Rice Transplanted with Different Methods

作　　者：戴典 张慧颖 王森 张再仁 王杰 李有志[1] DAI Dian;ZHANG Hui-ying;WANG Sen;ZHANG Zai-ren;WANG Jie;LI You-zhi(Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,PRC;Liuyang Center of Agricultural Development Affairs,Liuyang 410300,PRC;Liuyang Plant Protection and Inspection Station,Liuyang 410300,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128 [2]浏阳市农业发展事务中心,湖南浏阳410300 [3]浏阳市植保植检站,湖南浏阳410300

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2024年第5期30-33,37,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以杂交稻两优152为材料,通过大区试验研究早稻机抛、机插两种移栽方式水稻全生育期、分蘖动态、干物质积累、病虫害发生、产量性状等重要指标对早稻高产群体生长及产量形成的影响,结果表明:机抛水稻的全生育期比机插短2 d,单株干物质积累量、茎鞘叶物质转运水平均优于机插;机抛茎鞘叶干物质对稻谷产量贡献率高于机插2.3%,差异达到显著水平;机抛和机插实际产量分别为589.1、574.5 kg/667m^(2),差异不显著;齐穗期稻纵卷叶螟虫量机插显著高于机抛,其他病虫害发生的差异不显著;机插成本低于机抛约16元/667m^(2);在早稻群体生长及产量方面,机抛秧优于机插秧。The hybrid rice cultivar'Liangyou 152'was transplanted with machine throwing and machine transplanting methods in a wide-field trial.The important growth and yield formation indicators such as the whole growth period,tillering dynamics,dry matter accumulation,disease and pest occurrence,and yield traits of the high yield populations of early rice were compared between the two transplanting methods.The results showed that the machine throwing group had the whole growth period 2 days shorter than the machine transplanting group.The machine throwing group outperformed the machine transplanting group in terms of the dry matter accumulation per plant as well as the material transport of stem,sheath,and leaf.The contribution rate of dry matter from the stem,sheath,and leaf to rice yield in the machine throwing group was 2.3%higher than that in the machine transplanting group,with a significant difference.The rice yields in the machine throwing and machine transplanting groups were 8836.5 and 8617.5 kg/hm^(2),respectively,with no significant difference.The number of rice leaf folders at the full heading stage in the machine transplanting group was significantly higher than that in the machine throwing group,and there was no significant difference in the occurrence of other pests and diseases.The cost of machine transplanting was 240 yuan/hm^(2) lower than that of machine throwing.In summary,machine throwing outperformed machine transplanting in terms of the population growth and yield of early rice.

关 键 词：机插 机抛 干物质积累 病虫害 产量 

分 类 号：S511.31[农业科学—作物学] S359.9